The Progressive Era
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| When was the Progressive Era? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was political progressivism? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The reformers saw the government as a potential agent for human welfare that should be expanded to allow it to create a welfare state.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The business leaders preferred regulated stability to unrestrained, uncertain chaos.
🗑
|
||||
| What impact did conservatism have on progressivism? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was the main idea that all progressives shared? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How did Populism precede progressivism? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The mugwumps fought against the spoils systems and advocated for a meritocracy within government inspired the progressives to support honest government.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The Socialists served as the left wing of progressivism because they both criticized urban living and working conditions, but the progressives tried to separate themselves from the Socialists.
🗑
|
||||
| Who were the "muckrakers"? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Who was Henry Demarest Lloyd? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Another early "muckraker", who criticized slum conditions in How the Other Half Lives in 1890.
🗑
|
||||
| show | A "muckraker", who criticized municipal corruption by writing articles in McClure's, which were compiled into a book, The Shame of the Cities in 1904.
🗑
|
||||
| show | A "muckraker", who criticized the Standard Oil Company by writing articles in McClure's, which were compiled into a book History of the Standard Oil Company in 1904.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The reformers were stronger on diagnosis than remedy, and they had a naïve faith in democracy because they believed that exposing corruption and uniting the people and the government would correct social evils.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The progressives advocated for direct primary, or the nomination candidates by the vote of all party members, which was reintroduced in South Carolina in 1896.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The procedure adopted first by South Dakota in 1898, which allowed voters to enact laws directly because only a certain number of voters were necessary to put a measure on a ballot.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The procedure adopted first by South Dakota in 1898, which allowed voters to enact laws directly because the electorate could vote laws up or down.
🗑
|
||||
| What reforms did Oregon enact? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The procedure first adopted by Oregon in 1910, which allowed voters to remove unfit or corrupt politicians from office by public petition or vote.
🗑
|
||||
| What is the Seventeenth Amendment? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A political progressive, who developed and outlined techniques for increasing efficiency in his book The Principles of Scientific Management in 1911.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The title given to the process of scientific management, which promised to analyze the labor processes in order to reduce waste and production time, as well as establish higher expectations and rewards for the workers.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The first system that attempted to streamline municipal government adopted by Galveston, Texas in response to a hurricane and tidal wave, in which they instated a board with administrative heads to regulate the crisis.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The second system that attempted to streamline municipal government adopted by Staunton, Virginia, in 1908, placing the city under the authority of a professional administration, who ran the city in accordance with the policies of the council and mayor.
🗑
|
||||
| How did the attempts to make municipal government more efficient create a new profession? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Who was Governor Robert M. La Follette of Wisconsin? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The public did not support laissez-faire business, trustbusting in favor of small businesses, or the Socialist idea of public ownership of large businesses.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The public supported the Socialist idea of public utilities and transportation.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The corporation officials knew more about their business than the trustbusters, and the officials preferred to avoid facing competition in practice, so they tried to eliminate it.
🗑
|
||||
| What was the most significant reform for social justice? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The organization, established in 1904, which led a movement for laws banning the employment of young children and saw success within ten years as young children were banned and older children were limited in the workforce.
🗑
|
||||
| Who was Lewis W. Hine? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Who was Florence Kelley? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The League convinced many states to outlaw night work, labor in dangerous occupations, and hours for women and children.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The Supreme Court case of 1905, in which the Court voided a ten-hour workday law because it violated workers' "liberty of contract" to accept any terms they chose.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The Supreme Court case of 1908, in which the Court upheld a ten-hour workday law for women because of sociological data that demonstrated that women suffered health and moral repercussions from long work hours.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The Supreme Court case of 1917, in which the Court accepted a ten-hour workday for men and women, but for ten years it still held out against state minimum wage laws.
🗑
|
||||
| What was the impact of the Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire in 1911? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | It replaced the common law principle that workers could only get compensation, if they proved their employer negligible with accident-insurance systems in 1902.
🗑
|
||||
| Why did progressives target saloons? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What were some of the less successful temperance movements? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was the more successful temperance movement? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What did President Theodore Roosevelt do with President William McKinley's policies? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Roosevelt believed he was allowed to do anything, which was not expressly forbidden in the U.S. Constitution, and he sought to expand federal power.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The domestic policy Roosevelt endorse, which called for the enforcement of existing anti-trust laws and stricter controls on big businesses.
🗑
|
||||
| How did President Theodore Roosevelt feel about trustbusting? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How did President Theodore Roosevelt "trustbust"? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was United States v. E.C. Knight and Company, 1895? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was the Northern Securities Company? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What did was the fate of the Northern Securities Company? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was the Coal Strike of 1902? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Roosevelt had to combat the effects of a coal shortage, so he called a conference with the UMW leaders and owners, but the owners' ignoring the miners angered Roosevelt, who threatened to militarize the mines.
🗑
|
||||
| show | This was the first time labor unions received federal support, thus marking a turning point for the power of the labor unions, and an increase in Roosevelt's prestige.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The strike ended on 10/23/1902, and Roosevelt's arbitration commission decided in 1903 that the workers would receive a 9 hour day, a 10% raise, and no union recognition.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The Supreme Court case of 1905, in which the Court rejected the trust meatpackers used to avoid competitive bidding for livestock because meat and livestock moved in the stream of interstate commerce, which entitled them to federal regulation.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The Supreme Court's decision represented an expansion of the interpretation of interstate commerce, which implied the expansion of federal regulation.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The Congressional legislature of 1903, which made it illegal for railroads to take or give secret rebates from freight charges to their favorite customers, so all the shippers would be charged the same price.
🗑
|
||||
| What was the Bureau of Corporations? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The United States Steel and International Harvester companies worked with the Bureau, but the Standard Oil and the American Tobacco Company were dissolved in 1911 for noncooperation.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The Democrats abandoned William Jennings Bryan for Alton B. Parker, who supported the gold standard and labor reform, but Roosevelt had tremendous public support, won a second time, and announced he would not run again.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The legislature that gave the Interstate Commerce Commission the power to set maximum freight rates without going to court, so the ICC's power extended to provide a uniform system of bookkeeping to provide uniform statistics for all companies.
🗑
|
||||
| How was information about the meat and food industry published? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The legislature, which required federal inspection of meats destined for interstate commerce and empowered officials in the Agriculture Department to impose sanitation standards within processing plants.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The legislature, which restricted the makers of prepared foods and patent medicines, forbade the manufacture or sale or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or harmful foods or drugs or liquors.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Roosevelt was the first president to address the need to conserve the limited natural resources in the U.S.
🗑
|
||||
| Who was George Perkins Marsh? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The political progressives advocated for reforms in the name of public welfare, and conservationists advocated for reforms in order to preserve resources for future generations.
🗑
|
||||
| Who was George Bird Grinnell? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The hunting society formed by Grimmell, Roosevelt, and other recreational hunters, who wanted to protect large game animals for posterity and named the club after the frontiersmen, Daniel Boone and Davy Crockett.
🗑
|
||||
| How were Native Americans impacted by conservation? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How did President Theodore Roosevelt directly contribute to conservation? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Who was Gifford Pinchot? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was the National Conservation Commission? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What caused the schism in the conservation movement? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | while the Democrats supported a lower tariff and labor reform nominated William Jennings Bryan.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Eugene V. Debs of the Socialist Party received 421000 votes, which demonstrated the depth of working-class resentment in the U.S.
🗑
|
||||
| How did President William Howard Taft feel about politics? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was the first important issue of the presidency of President William Howard Taft? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How did the House address President William Howard Taft's tariff reform? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The Senate made more than 800 changes, but it reduced the tariff on hides, iron, ore, coal, oil, cottons, boots, and shoes.
🗑
|
||||
| Was President William Howard Taft a true progressive? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The conflict between Ballinger, who wanted to open over a million acres of waterpower sites for commercial use because Roosevelt had over-restricted them, and Pinchot, who disagreed, went public with the issue, and was fired by Taft for insubordination.
🗑
|
||||
| Who was Richard A. Ballinger? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How did President William Howard Taft respond to the controversy? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How did the Ballinger-Pinchot Controversy impact the Congressional government? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Who was Speaker Joseph G. Cannon? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Who was George W. Norris? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Taft took a conservative stance in a progressive country, which caused the nation to elect a Democratic majority in the House and enough Democrats to the Senate for the Progressive Republicans to wield substantial power.
🗑
|
||||
| How did President Theodore Roosevelt respond to President William Howard Taft's presidency? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was "New Nationalism"? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | In 1911, Taft announced an anti-trust suit against United States Steel because it acquired the Tennessee Coal and Iron Company in 1907, which Roosevelt sanctioned to avert business panic.
🗑
|
||||
| How did President Theodore Roosevelt react to President William Howard Taft's anti-trust suit? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The Progressive Republicans intended to back La Follette, but they changed their minds after he spoke on 2/2/1912 and backed Roosevelt, while the more conservative Republicans endorsed Taft.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Taft lost his reputation to multiple political controversies, could not repair his divided party, attempted tariff reform that Roosevelt did not, replaced Ballinger and Pinchot with better men, truly "trustbusted", and conserved more than Roosevelt.
🗑
|
||||
| What was the Appalachian Forest Reserve Act of 1911? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was the Mann-Elkins Act of 1910? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Taft established the Bureau of Mines and the federal Children's Bureau in 1912.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Taft made New Mexico and Arizona states in 1912, and he made Alaska a territory with a government in 1912.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Taft supported the ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment in 1913, which authorized the income tax, and the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, which provided for the popular election of senators.
🗑
|
||||
| Who did the Republican Party nominate for the 1912 election? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What did President Theodore Roosevelt do in response to his loss at the Republican National Convention? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The Republican Party was split, so the Democratic nominee, Thomas Woodrow Wilson won the election.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Wilson was the governor of New Jersey, the president of Princeton University, the son of a Presbyterian minister, and he had grown up in the South during the Civil War and Reconstruction.
🗑
|
||||
| What did President Thomas Woodrow Wilson believe was the role of the president? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Wilson prioritized elitism, strong government, general welfare, the extension of moralism, freedom, and the regulation or elimination of big businesses, organized labor, socialists, and agrarian radicalism.
🗑
|
||||
| What did Governor Thomas Woodrow Wilson do to serve his purpose as a reform candidate? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How did Governor Thomas Woodrow Wilson win the Democratic nomination? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What did all the candidates in the 1912 election have in common? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The mentally-disturbed New Yorker, who believed any president seeking a third term should be shot and shot Roosevelt on his way to a speech in Milwaukee.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The 1912 election was a debate over the competing ideologies of Roosevelt, New Nationalism, and Wilson, New Freedom.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The political policy of Roosevelt, which was presented in The Promise of American Life by Herbert Croly in 1909 and summarized as Hamiltonian means to achieve Jeffersonian ends or big businesses need big government.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The political policy of Wilson, which was presented by Louis D. Brandeis as the belief that federal government should restore the competition among small economic units, break up trusts, lower tariffs, and disperse financial power on Wall Street.
🗑
|
||||
| Why was the 1912 election significant? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | He courted both popular and Congressional support, used patronage to reward friends and punish enemies, relied on party loyalty, utilized the party caucus, and settled disagreements amongst Democrats.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Wilson saw that tariffs were being abused by corporations to suppress foreign competition, maintain high prices, and protect trusts, although they were intended to protect infant industries from foreign competition.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The law Wilson passed in 1913 that reduced import duties on most goods, lowered the average duty from 37% to 29%, exempted 300 goods including consumer goods and raw materials, lowered tariff rates, and raised federal revenue with the 16th amendment.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The new national banking system, in which regional banks answered to a central directors board, the 12 Federal Reserve banks could issue currency to their member banks for 6% of the capital and a portion of the reserves stored in the Federal banks.
🗑
|
||||
| What was the impact of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The cornerstone of Wilson's anti-trust program created in 1914 and contained a 5-member commission that replaced Roosevelt's Bureau of Corporations, defined "unfair trade practices" in the Sherman Anti-Trust, and acted against unfair competition.
🗑
|
||||
| Who was Henry D. Clayton? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The Conservatives added the phrase "where the effect may be to substantially lessen competition" and allowed for broad review of the FTC in order to weakened them.
🗑
|
||||
| How did President Thomas Woodrow Wilson respond to the Conservatives undermining Henry D. Clayton's bill? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How did agrarian activists modify Henry D. Clayton's bill? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How did President Thomas Woodrow Wilson's nonbelligerent personality undermine the Federal Trade Commission? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Wilson endorsed only state action for women's suffrage and the La Follette Seamen's Act, but he did not support federal action for women's suffrage, child-labor legislation, and support for rural credits.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The important piece of social justice legislature Wilson signed on 3/4/1915, which strengthened shipboard safety requirements, reduced the power of sea captains, set minimum food standards, required regular wage payments, and did not charge deserters.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Wilson upheld racism, white supremacy, segregation, the views of the KKK and disagreed with the KKK's methods, black enfranchisement, and black political involvement.
🗑
|
||||
| How did President Thomas Woodrow Wilson gain Progressive support for the 1916 election? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was the Federal Farm Loan Act? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was the Federal Farm Loan Board? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The 1916 legislature Wilson enacted that authorized federal licensing of private warehouses, and federal backing to make their receipts for stored produce acceptable for collateral for short-term loans.
🗑
|
||||
| What was the Smith-Lever Act? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What was the Smith-Hughes Act? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The legislature that provided dollar-matching contributions to states with highway departments that met certain federal standards.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Wilson distributed $75 million over 5 years for internal improvements and organized the Federal Reserve system, both of which departed from Jackson's policies against internal improvements and national banking.
🗑
|
||||
| What was the Keating-Owen Act? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The 1916 legislature that deferred a railroad union strike by granting the workers an 8-hour workday, time and a half for overtime, and a commission to regulate the working conditions.
🗑
|
||||
| How were the Progressive reforms undermined? | show 🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
IvySmart
Popular U.S. History sets