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Black Saga 1900's

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Rosamond Johnson, trained at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston, an his brother James Weldon Johnson, wrote a song that is often called the “Black National Anthem.” It was written in 1901. Name it.   show
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In 1898, Dr. John Merrick, Dr. Aaron M. Moore and Charles Spaulding, founded a company in Durham, North Carolina that became the “world’s largest black-owned business” It remains the nation’s oldest and largest black-owned life insurance company. Name i   show
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In many large U.S. cities, wealthy African Americans developed their own residential districts because racial discrimination laws prohibited them from living among whites of similar wealth. In Atlanta, this district becomes the premier residence for Afric   show
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show George Henry White; Whitesboro, NJ  
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President Theodore Roosevelt upset many residents in the South when he invited this famous black educator to dine with him at the White House. Southern newspapers attacked the President and his guest. For example, the Memphis (Tennessee) Scimitar, said Ro   show
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In 1903, she became the first black woman to head a bank. She presided over the St. Luke Bank and Trust Company in Richmond, Virginia. She took $9,000 of initial deposits and increased bank holdings to $376,000 in a few years. The Bank helped many blac   show
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show South Carolina  
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Spelman College   show
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show Louisiana  
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Howard University   show
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Prairie View State College   show
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show Oklahoma  
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Bethune-Cookman College   show
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show Pennsylvania  
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Hampton University   show
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show Maryland  
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Wilberforce University   show
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show Georgia  
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Meharry Medical School   show
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Alcorn State University   show
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Tuskegee University   show
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Fisk University   show
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In 1904, this African American was the first of his race to enter the Olympic Games and win a medal. He won two bronze medals in the Olympics held in St. Louis. He grew up in Wisconsin and earned a college degree in history from the University of Wisconsi   show
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show Mary McLeod Bethune  
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show Niagara Movement  
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461. This African American attended Hampton Institute and later, Kent College of Law in Chicago, receiving an LL.B. (law) Degree in 1898. After practicing law in the Midwest for five years, he returned to Chicago and in 1905, founded the Chicago Defender   show
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462. In 1908, this athlete became the first African American to win an Olympic gold medal. He won it in a team event, the 4x400 meter relay race. He was born in 1882 in Washington, D.C. and later graduated from the University of Pennsylvania’s School of V   show
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This African American leader grew up in Boston and entered Harvard College in 1891. He became the first black person to be honored with membership in Phi Beta Kappa, an honorary group of students with exceptional grades. By 1899, he owned a successful re   show
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show Martha M. Franklin  
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show National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)  
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show W.E.B. Du Bois  
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show Madame C. J. Walker  
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show The National Urban League  
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show Matthew Henson  
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In 1912, this black person, born to farmers in Clarendon Hills, Jamaica (1889), published his first two volumes of poetry: Songs of Jamaica and Constab Ballads. He had moved to the United States to study agriculture at Tuskegee under George Washington Car   show
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show "Memphis Blues" (Tennessee) and "St. Louis Blues" (Missouri). Also, "East St. Louis Blues" (Illinois)  
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He was the first black sprinter to hold the title "world's fastest human" by co-holding the world's record in the 100-yard dash (9.6 seconds) in 1914. During the previous two years (1912 and 1913) he held the AAU Championship in the 200-yard dash. Name h   show
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473. In 1914, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) created a “medal” to award each year “to acknowledge the highest achievement by an American Negro”. The medal was named for a generous donor and chairperson of the NAACP   show
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show Carter G. Woodson  
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Between 1915 and 1920, nearly one million African Americans moved from the agricultural South to the crowded urban cores of the North. What is the name given to this mass movement of people from the South to the North?   show
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show 4 million  
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show Ernest Everett Just  
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Marcus Garvey founded this organization that grew to more than six million members in the U.S. and other countries. The organization worked to increase black pride and to develop economic and educational self-help programs. Over time, it had a church, a   show
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show Louis Tomkins Wright  
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show jazz  
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On October 14, 1916, this African American, a sophomore student who played tackle and guard for the Rutgers University football team, was benched when the team from Washington and Lee University refused to play the game against an African American. Throug   show
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show Garrett Morgan  
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This African American singer broke the color barrier in concert halls for black classical singers. In 1917, he was the first black person to sing in Symphony Hall in Boston and later was the first black singer to give a recital at Carnegie Hall in New Yo   show
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This African American was born in Jacksonville, Florida in 1871 to a middle-class family. When he graduated from Atlanta University, he became a school teacher in Jacksonville, Florida. He later became a lawyer before moving to New York City and finding   show
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In 1917, as many as 10,000 people marched down Fifth Avenue in this city in a silent protest sponsored by the NAACP against lynching. This protest was organized by James Weldon Johnson who had been appointed Field Secretary of the NAACP. Name the city wh   show
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show 369th Colored Infantry; Henry Johnson and Needham Roberts  
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show Eugene Jacques Bullard  
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show Oscar Micheaux  
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In 1918, he became the first black person to earn a first mate’s license on a U.S. Navy ship. In 1942, he became the first black captain of a U.S. merchant ship. Name him   show
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show “Red Summer”  
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489. In 1919, this athlete became the first black person to play professional football for a major team (the Akron Indians). He previously had been the first black football player to play in the Rose Bowl. Name him   show
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show Thomas Wright “Fats” Waller  
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In the 1920s, many African Americans called this place “the Capital of the African American World.” Name it   show
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In 1920, Andrew "Rube" Foster, an African American baseball manager called together other African American team owners in this city to organize the Negro National Baseball League (NNBL). Although Foster was a great pitcher for the Chicago Union Giants, he   show
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show Ku Klux Klan  
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In 1920, three African American women received their Ph.D. degree. Eva Dykes received a degree in English from Radcliffe College; Georgiana Simpson received a Ph.D. in German from the University of Chicago and the third received a Ph.D. in economics from   show
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show The Harlem Renaissance  
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One of the most popular black musicals to open on Broadway was produced by Eubie Blake, a ragtime pianist and composer, and Noble Sissle. It was the first Broadway show to be written, produced and performed by blacks, and was the first to include jazz c   show
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In 1921, Henry Pace organized the Pace Phonographic Corporation. It was the first record company owned and operated by an African American. What was the label name used on its records   show
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show Tulsa, Oklahoma  
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show New York Renaissance, referred to as the Rens  
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show Apollo Theatre  
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show Beale Street  
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show Garrett Morgan  
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show DeHart Hubbard  
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In 1925, this African American philosopher, writer, professor at Howard University and the first African American Rhodes Scholar (1907), created the term "New Negro." The term taken from his book, The New Negro, conveyed a renewed confidence and pride am   show
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show Railroad Sleeping Car Porters  
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He was the first African American author to have a long-running Broadway hit. It happened when his play, Mulatto, opened at the Vanderbilt Theatre on October 24, 1935 and ran until December 9, 1937. It was one of the most successful plays and the second   show
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show Mordecai Wyatt Johnson  
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show Ethel Waters  
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When Chicago's voters elected him to the U.S. Congress in 1928, he was the first African American Congressman since 1901 and the first elected from the North. Name him   show
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show Kansas City, Missouri (Kansas City jazz)  
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show Atlanta University  
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show Ella Fitzgerald  
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In 1927, this band leader signed a contract with the famous Cotton Club in New York City and his music career soared over the next several decades. At the Cotton Club, he had a weekly broadcast that gave him not only national exposure but access to other   show
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show Georgia Douglas Johnson  
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show Thomas Andrew Dorsey  
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In 1930, this foundation built its 500th black school. As early as 1883, it had contributed $25,000 for the construction of buildings at Tuskegee Institute and schools in Macon County, Alabama. Over a period of time, this foundation contributed approxima   show
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In 1931, this African American became the Executive Secretary of the NAACP. He served until 1955. During World War II, he traveled to the South to investigate the lynching of blacks. He encouraged the NAACP to set up the Legal Defense Fund to legally cha   show
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This African American poet was one of the leading writers of the Harlem Renaissance. He wrote more than 30 books on the African American experience, including Black Thunder, a book about the slave rebellion led by Gabriel Prosser in 1800. He was also a po   show
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show Katherine Dunham  
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show Zora Neale Hurston  
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This African American received as many as 61 patents. In 1935, he developed the first automatic refrigeration system for trucks--an invention that changed the eating habits of the entire nation. He later developed air conditioning units for military fiel   show
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African American writers such as Richard Wright and Ralph Ellison advanced their careers with funds from this federal project. Between 1935 and 1939, this project, established by President Franklin Roosevelt in his New Deal plan, funded many artists. Jac   show
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show Arthur W. Mitchell  
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show Mary McLeod Bethune  
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show Jesse Owens  
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show 11 years  
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show William H. Hastie  
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This African American woman became the first black woman lawmaker when she was elected to the Pennsylvania legislature in 1938. She was born in Princess Anne, MD in 1894. She was a public school teacher and joined the American Friends Service Committee   show
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She became the first African American female judge when, in 1939, she was appointed to the New York City Court of Domestic Relations. By this time, she had become accustomed to being the “first” to accomplish many things. For example, she was one of the   show
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show Hattie McDaniel  
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show Marian Anderson  
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On July 13, 1898, this African American college student entered military service. His first duty was in the U.S. 9th Cavalry Regiment, one of the original Buffalo Soldier units. Over his long career, this soldier served in the Spanish American War and Wo   show
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show Tuskegee, Alabama  
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show Charles Alfred Anderson  
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Native Son, a "black protest" novel became an immediate bestseller in 1940. As a result, the author became internationally renowned and the first black writer to have a novel become a Book-of-the-Month Club selection. In collaboration with Paul Green, t   show
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This African American is cited as the most widely praised artist of the 20th century. His paintings of the lives, dreams, and struggles of African Americans are among the most respected of any artist. His paintings show his deep understanding of African   show
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show President Franklin D. Roosevelt  
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show Charles Drew  
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This African American leader was selected President of the National Negro Congress and immediately called for a united front against discrimination, racism, and segregation in American life. He advocated the use of tactics like “mass demonstrations, such   show
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show Franklin Roosevelt  
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show Robert Abbott,John Merrick,Robert Banks, John Murphy,George Washington Carver, Edward Savoy,William Cox, Harriet Tubman Frederick Douglass Robert Vann, Paul Dunbar, James Walker, John Hope, Booker Washington, James Johnson,Bert Williams, George Lawson  
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The first Liberty ship named after an African American was built and launched in 1942. It was christened by a famous African American opera singer who had been barred from performing at Constitution Hall by the Daughters of the American Revolution beca   show
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show "sit-ins"  
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show Adam Clayton Powell, Jr.  
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On December 7, 1941, the Japanese attacked the U.S. naval base in Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii. This African American, assigned to the U.S. Navy as a cook and not trained to use the big guns due to widespread racial discrimination, took over the guns   show
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After his death, this African American was awarded the Navy Cross for heroic action aboard the USS San Francisco in Battle of Guadalcanal. He was serving as mess attendant first class on the ship when Japanese aircraft struck. This hero rushed to help e   show
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show Walter “Buck” Leonard  
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John H. Johnson published the first copy of Negro Digest on November 1, 1942. It became the first successful black-owned successful general magazine. Out of this venture came the Johnson Publishing Company, now one of the largest black-owned businesses i   show
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show Dr. W.E.B. DuBois  
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This African American was one of the most successful stage actors on Broadway. On October 19, 1943, he starred in the title role of Othello, a production that ran for 296 performances and set the record for Shakespearean drama on Broadway. He is also kn   show
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show Frederick Douglass Patterson  
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In 1944, a black woman brought suit after being arrested and fined $10 for refusing to move to the back of a bus. This woman refused to give up her seat in a crowded Greyhound bus to a white couple. The bus driver drove to the nearest jail in Saluda, Vi   show
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Jackie Robinson broke the color line in modern major league baseball when he signed to play for the Montreal Royals, a Brooklyn Dodgers Triple A affiliate team in the International League in 1945. Before that, he played for a team of the National Negro Ba   show
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show Tuskegee Airmen  
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In 1946, this black woman earned the title of "Queen of Gospel" when her recording of "Move Up A Little Higher" sold more than 8 millions copies. She appeared on radio, TV, and toured Europe several times. She appeared in Carnegie Hall in 1950. She san   show
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In 1946, this athlete was the first black person to play modern professional football. He played with the Los Angeles Rams.Name him   show
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show Elizabeth Catlett  
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The first modern major league baseball game in which a black player participated occurred on April 10, 1947, when this player took the field for the Brooklyn Dodgers. He had previously attended the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he e   show
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show Jackie Robinson  
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show Larry Doby  
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This African American baseball player played for the Homestead Grays and Memphis Red Sox of the National Negro Baseball League before he signed to play for the Brooklyn Dodgers. On August 26, 1947 he was sent in as a reliever in a game against Pittsbur   show
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In this case, the U.S. Supreme Court declared that agreements (covenants) that restricted certain homes or tracts of land from use and occupancy by black, Jewish, and Asian people could not be enforced. Name this case   show
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On July 26, 1948, this President signed Executive Order 9981 that ended discrimination in the military. He stated, "Men in uniform should have equality of treatment and opportunity regardless of race, color, religion, or national origin." Who was this   show
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He became the first black catcher in the major leagues when he joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1948. During his short ten-year career, he won the National League’s Most Valuable Player award in 1951, 1953, and 1955. He was the second African American to   show
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show Sipuel vs. University of Oklahoma  
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In the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, England, this African American female tied for first in the high jump with an Olympic record of 5’ 6 1   show
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4”. She was awarded the gold medal on the basis of fewer misses--the only gold medal won by an African American woman in track and field. She became the first African American woman to win a gold medal in the Olympic Games. Name her   show
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This African American was the first of his race to graduate from the U.S. Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland. In 1949, he became the 20,699th midshipman to graduate. Despite racial abuse and harassment, he remained at the Academy and graduated. Na   show
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They called him "Satchmo" but his real name was Daniel Louis Armstrong. In 1949, he was the first black musician to preside over the New Orleans Mardi Gras and was one of the most influential musicians in the nation and the world at the time. What was h   show
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He was among the first African Americans to break the color barrier in entertainment and become a star of stage and screen. Between 1920 and 1940, he appeared in many Broadway shows and was featured in 21 movies. He is best known for his movies with chil   show
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He became the first African American composer to have his opera, Troubled Island, produced by a major opera company. It premiered on March 31, 1949 at the New York City Opera. He was recognized as one of America's greatest composers after the Rochester P   show
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In 1949, just two years after the color line was broken in major league baseball, this African American player was voted the National League's Most Valuable Player. He led all other players with a batting average of .342. In 1962, he became the first Afr   show
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In 1949, he was a pitcher for the Brooklyn Dodgers when he won 20 games in his rookie year. In 1955, he hit safely 42 times and had a batting average of .350. He was awarded the National League’s Most Valuable Player Award in 1956 and more importantly,   show
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show Billie Holiday  
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