Chapter 6 Muscles
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| Muscle Cells | Muscle fibers
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| muscle responsible for smiling | zygomaticus
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| contractility? | the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force
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| fascia? | located outside the epimysium. It surrounds and separates muscles.
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| excitability | the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus
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| mastication muscle- deep to the mandible | pterygoid
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| lateral neck muscle | rotates and abducts the head
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| occipitofrontalis (frontalis) | raises the eyebrows
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| levator labii superioris-responsibility? | sneering
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| changes the shape of the tongue. | intrinsic tongue muscles
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| temporalis-responsibility? | chewing
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| fast-twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly
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| muscle tone | constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time
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| anaerobic respiration | without oxygen
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| aerobic respiration | with oxygen
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| slow-twitch fibers | contract slowly and more resistant to fatigue
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| origin (head) | most stationary end of the muscle
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| insertion | end of muscle undergoing the greatest movement
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| portion between the origin and the insertion | belly
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| amount of oxygen needed to convert lactic acid to glucose | oxygen debt
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| muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements | synergists
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| muscles that work in opposition to one another | antagonists
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| one muscle that plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement | prime mover
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| length of the muscle contraction does not change | isometric
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| amount of tension produced by the muscle | isotonic
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| masseter-responsibilty? | chewing
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| prime mover of the lateral neck muscle? | sternocliedomastoid
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| torticollis | meaning a twisted neck
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| moves the tongue | extrinsic tongue muscles
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| pulls corners of the mouth downward | platysma
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| single sheetlike muscle that covers the anterolateral neck | platysma
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| muscle used to frown? | depressor anguli oris
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| points of attachment of each muscle | origin and insertion
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| 2 types of muscle contractions | isometric and isotonic
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| results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced | muscle fatigue
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| kissing muscles | orbicularis and buccinator
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| orbicularis oris | puckers the lips
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| flattens the cheek "trumpeters muscle" | buccinator
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| closes the eyelids and causes crow's feet | orbicularis oculi
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| contraction of an entire muscle | muscle twitch
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| sliding of actin myofiloments past myosin myofilaments during contraction | sliding filament mechanism
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| the muscle fiber will contract maximally at its | threshold
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| known as "abs" | rectus abdomonis
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| elevate ribs during respiration | external intercostals
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| "white line" extends from sternum to the pubis | linea alba
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| deltoid? | felxes, extends, and abducts the arm
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| erector spinae? | group of muscles on each side of back, responsible for keeping back straight and body erect
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| responsible for quiet breathing | diaphram
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| gives the rectus abdomonis a segmented appearence in muscled person | tendinous inscriptions
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| "swimmer's muscle" | latissimus dorsi
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| attaches humerous to scapula | rotator cuff muscles
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| shoulder, attaches humerous to scapula and clavicle, adducts the upper limb | deltoid
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| extends forearm | triceps brachii
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| flexes the forearm | biceps brachii
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| primary flexor of the forearm | brachialis
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| flexes and pronates the forearm | brachioradialis
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| flexes wrist | flexor carpi
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| extends the wrist | extensor carpi
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| buttocks | gluteus maximus
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| bulge of the calves | gastronemius and soleus
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