The Ins and Outs of the Brachial Plexus
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| Pectoralis Major - origin | Origin: anternal medial clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique
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| P. Major - insertion | Insertion: lateral intertubercular sulcus
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| P, Major - Action | Action: adducts, flexes, and medially rotates humerus
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| P, Major - Innervation | lateral and medial pectoral nerves
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| P. Minor - origin | origin - ribs 3-5
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| P. Minor - insertion | coracoid process of scapula
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| P. Minor - Action | stabilizes scapula and draws it forward
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| P. Minor - Innervation | Medial Pectoral Nerve
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| Subclavius - Origin | 1st Rib
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| Subclavius - Insertion | middle of clavicle
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| Subclavius - Action | depresses clavicle
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| Subclavius - Innervation | nerve to subclavius
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| Latissimus Dorsi - Origin | Spines of 6 thoracic vertebrae, thorocolumnar fascia, iliac crest, lower 3 or 4 ribs.
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| Latissimus Dorsi - Insertion | floor of intertubercular sulcus
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| Latissimus Dorsi - Action | adducts, extends and rotates arm medially
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| Latissimus Dorsi - Innervation | Thoracodorsal Nerve
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| Rhomboid Minor - Origin | spinous processes of C7-T1, ligamentum nuchae
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| Rhomboid Minor - Insertion | vertebral border of scapula at root of the spine
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| Rhomboid Minor - Action | retracts and rotates scapula, fixes scapula to thoracic wall
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| Rhomboid Minor - Innervation | dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)
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| Rhomboid Major - Origin | spinous process of T2-T5
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| Rhomboid Major - Insertion | vertebral border of scapula below root of spine
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| Rhomboid Major - Action | retracts and rotates scapula, fixes scapula to thoracic wall
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| Rhomboid Major - Innervation | Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4, C5)
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| Teres Minor - Origin | lower axillary border of scapula
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| Teres Minor - Insertion | lower facet of greater tubercle of humerus
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| Teres Minor - Action | Rotates arm laterally (with infraspinatous)
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| Teres Minor - Innervation | Axillary Nerve
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| Teres Major - Origin | dorsal inferior angle of scapula
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| Teres Major - Insertion | crest of lesser tubercle of humerus
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| Teres Major - Action | extends and rotates arm medially (with latissimus dorsi)
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| Teres Major - Innervation | Lower Subscapular Nerve
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| Deltoid - Origin | inferior surface of lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, inferior margin of spine of scapula
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| Deltoid - Insertion | deltoid tuberousity of humerus
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| Deltoid - action | abducts, extends, and flexes arm; assists in medial and lateral rotation
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| Deltoid - Innervation | axillary nerve
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| Supraspinatous - Origin | supraspinous fossa
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| Supraspinatous - Insertion | upper facet of greater tubercle of humerus
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| Supraspinatous - Action | initiates abduction, stabilizes shoulder joint (with other rotator cuff muscles), "resists" upper pull of deltoid
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| Supraspinatous - Innervation | suprascapular nerve
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| Infraspinatous - Origin | Infraspinous Fossa
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| Infraspinatous - Insertion | middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
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| Infraspinatous - Action | Rotates arm laterally (with Teres minor)
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| Infraspinatous - Innervation | suprascapular nerve
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| Trapezius - Origin | EOP, superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7 and all 12 thoracic spines
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| Trapezius - Insertion | lateral 1/3 of clavicle, spine of scapula, acromion
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| Trapezius - Action | adducts scapula, tilts chin forward, draws acromion backward, rotates scapula.
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| Trapezius - Innervation | Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI) and C3 and C4
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| Levator Scapulae - Origin | transverse processes of C1-C4
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| Levator Scapulae - Insertion | vertebral border of scapula above root of spine
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| Levator Scapulae - Action | elevates scapula, if scapula is fixed inclines neck
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| Levator Scapulae - Innervation | Dorsal scapular nerve (mainly) and direct branches of C3 and C4
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| Biceps Brachii - Origin | short head: coracoid process of scapula; long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
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| Biceps Brachii - Insertion | radial tuberosity
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| biceps brachii - Action | powerful flexor of forearm at elbow
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| biceps brachii - Innervation | musculocutaneous nerve (C5 and C6)
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| Coracobrachialis - Origin | coracoid process of scapula
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| Coracobrachialis - Insertion | middle of medial surface and border of humerus
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| Coracobrachialis - Action | flexes and adducts arm at the shoulder
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| Coracobrachialis - Innervation | musculocutaneous nerve (C5 and C6)
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| Brachialis - Origin | distal half of anterior humerus
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| Brachialis - Insertion | tuberosity and anterior surface of coronoid process of ulna
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| Brachialis - Action | powerful flexor of forearm at elbow
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| Brachialis - Innervation | musculocutaneous nerve (C5 and C6); radial nerve sends a minor branch (C7)
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| Triceps Brachii - Origin | long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula, lateral head: posterior surface of humerus, medial head: posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove
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| Triceps Brachii - Insertion | olecranon process of ulna
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| Triceps Brachii - Action | all 3 heads: extend forearm at elbow: long head extends humerus at shoulder joint
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| Triceps Brachii - Innervation | Radial Nerve (C7, C8)
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Created by:
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