From APA Study Notes
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is the dominant land use in the U.S.? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 275
🗑
|
||||
| What is the largest single Native American reservation? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is the average per capita per day water usage? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What are the 6 key pollutants regulated by the Clean Air Act? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Who wrote Man vs. Nature (1864)? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Who wrote Report on the Lands of the Arid Region of the U.S.? (1878) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Who founded the Sierra Club (1892)? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Who was Gifford Pinochet? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | William H. Whyte, coined the term greenway
🗑
|
||||
| Who wrote Silent Spring (1962)? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1897, to survey and classify all public domain lands
🗑
|
||||
| show | Grand Coulee Dam, on the Columbia River in central Washington State, buildt for irrigation, electric power generation, and flood control
🗑
|
||||
| show | April 22, 1970
🗑
|
||||
| What is a conservation easement? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Just vs. Marinette County (1972) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | U.S. Supreme Court ruled that open space requirements established by the City of Tiburon did not result in a taking of property; Established the principle that a governmental action was not a regulatory taking if it substantially advanced a legitimate gov
🗑
|
||||
| Babbit v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a Great Oregon (1996) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | U.S. Supreme Court decided that environmental protection laws prohibiting filling undeveloped salt marsh (wetlands) did not remove all economically viable use of the land and therefore this regulation was not a taking
🗑
|
||||
| What is NPDES (1972)? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is CAFE (1975)? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Cradle-to-grace legislation for hazardous waste materials (EPA controled)
🗑
|
||||
| Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA 1980) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA, 1991) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Preservation of wilderness (Muir), vs. Conservation (wise use of natural resources, Pinchot)
🗑
|
||||
| show | 1,200
🗑
|
||||
| How has average size of single family detached homes changed over last 50 years? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 430 gallons
🗑
|
||||
| What is R-factor? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is effluent? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Glacial deposit of rock and soil
🗑
|
||||
| show | The study of the chemical, hydrological and biological aspects of lakes and ponds
🗑
|
||||
| Lacustrine | show 🗑
|
||||
| Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Phosphorous
🗑
|
||||
| show | Highly mobile organic compound such as petroleum, hydrocarbons, and solvents that readily evaporate
🗑
|
||||
| What land use maps are included in a comprehensive plan? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How many sf in 1 acre? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1 hectare = 10,000 square meters
🗑
|
||||
| show | 5,280 feet = 1 mile
🗑
|
||||
| show | NYC 1916, Edward Bassett; cumulative approach to zoning
🗑
|
||||
| First national park? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Florida, 1903
🗑
|
||||
| First Historic Preservation Commission? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Columbus, OH 1923
🗑
|
||||
| First limited access highway? | show 🗑
|
||||
| When was the first national conference on City planning? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Who founded the American City Planning Institute, and when? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1978
🗑
|
||||
| Rational Planning Model (synoptic), associated w who? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Incremental Planning (humanistic movement), associated w who? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Sherry Arnstein (Ladder of Participation, 1969), Paul Davidoff (planners as advocates, not neutral technocrats)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Columbian World Exposition (1893), Chicago Plan (1909); City beautiful; “Make no small plans”
🗑
|
||||
| Garden Cities | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | LeCorbusier, 1920s, Large scale grid of arterial streets, superblocks composed of high-rise towers and individual zones for each use type
🗑
|
||||
| show | Ernest Burgess, 1925; Urban areas grow outward as a series of concentric rings
🗑
|
||||
| Frank Lloyd Wright | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Homer Hoyt, 1939, Proposed that urban areas develop by sectors, formed along communication and transportation routes
🗑
|
||||
| Multiple Nuclei Theory | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | William Alonso, 1960, Proposed that the cost of land, the intensity of development of land, the concentration of the population, and the number of places of employment each decline as distance from the CBD increases
🗑
|
||||
| New Urbanism | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | John Logan and Harvey Molotch, 1987, Proposed that urban development is actually directed by those elite members of the community who control the resources and have business and political interests that benefit from development
🗑
|
||||
| Edge City | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Eminent domain, Department store, Established aesthetics and redevelopment as a valid purpose for exercising eminent domain; Public ownership of land not the sole way to promote public purpose;
🗑
|
||||
| show | Takings clause was violated when public agency would grant the Nollans a permit to build a house only if they provided a public easement on their beachfront property; Land-use regulation amounted to a taking
🗑
|
||||
| show | Takings; Coastal zone protection prohibited building a house on shorefront; U.S. Supreme Court found that regulations that deny all economic use of property constitute a taking (unless existing state prop and nuisance law prohibit such use
🗑
|
||||
| City of Ladue v Gilleo (1994) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Golden v Planning Board of the Town of Ramapo (1972) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Southern Burlington NAACP v Township of Mount Laurel (1975, 1983) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Eminent domain; Economic development is a public use for which the power of eminent domain may be exercised when part of an integrated development plan
🗑
|
||||
| Lingle v Chevron (2005) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Telecommunications Act
🗑
|
||||
| San Remo Hotel L.P. v City and County of San Fransisco (2005) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Traditional Neighborhood Unit | show 🗑
|
||||
| Radburn, NJ | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Hoover, Dept of Commerce
🗑
|
||||
| show | Hoover, Dept of Commerce
🗑
|
||||
| show | Rules for Radicals, Community Organizing, “Organization of organizations”
🗑
|
||||
| Norman Krumholtz | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | proper design of built environment can reduce fear and incidence of crime (and can increase business activity)
🗑
|
||||
| What % of all homes in US are manufactured homes? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | “the process through which citizens who live and/or work in an area are actively involved in the dev of plans and recommendations”
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 3 sections of the AICP Code of Ethics? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1) Serve public interest, 2) Seek social justice, work to expand choice and opportunity, 3) responsibility to clients and employers, 4) responsibility to the profession
🗑
|
||||
| Ethics: Rules of conduct: | show 🗑
|
||||
| Ethics: Procedure: | show 🗑
|
||||
| Ethics: Who makes the final determination in a charge of ethics misconduct? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Phone or mail, not unreliable email
🗑
|
||||
| When did current AICP Ethics Code take effect? | show 🗑
|
||||
| To whom is the planner’s primary obligation? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Planner’s responsibility to the public? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Planner’s responsibility to Clients and Employers? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Planner’s responsibility to the Profession and Colleagues? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Louis Wirth, promoted urbanism as the prevailing way of life in contemporary society, and that density has an effect on people’s behavior
🗑
|
||||
| Endangered Species Act year? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Property Administration 41 Act of 1949 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1934
🗑
|
||||
| show | Gave public land to each state to be sold for the establishment of “engineering, agriculture and military science colleges (land grant colleges)
🗑
|
||||
| Pennsylvania Coal v Mahon (1922) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Older approach to regulating land use; A hierarchical approach in which less intensive uses such as residences are allowed in areas of more intensive use, such as commercial districts
🗑
|
||||
| Noncumulative zoning | show 🗑
|
||||
| show |
🗑
|
||||
| Delphi method | show 🗑
|
||||
| Fred French Investing Co v City of NY (1976) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Radial design of Washington, DC
🗑
|
||||
| show | Cincinnati Plan, 1925
🗑
|
||||
| show | Los Angeles, 1922
🗑
|
||||
| show |
🗑
|
||||
| show | Atlanta, 1949
🗑
|
||||
| Dolan v City of Tigard (1994) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | US Supreme county ruled that restricting certain nuisances land uses was a legitimate exercise of police power; Upheld ordinance in LA prohibiting operation of brickyard
🗑
|
||||
| Construction Indust. Assn. of Sonoma County v City of Petaluma (1971) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Young v. American Mini Theaters (1976) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | US Supreme Court found historic preservation to be a valid public purpose; Upheld LPC’s denial of request to develop over Grand Central (a designated historic landmark); Penn Central could have TDR’d
🗑
|
||||
| Metromedia Inc v City of San Diego (1981) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Lexington and Fayette County, KY (1958)
🗑
|
||||
| Regional Survey of New York and Its Environs, 1928 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Exercise of police power, which means government’s right to impose regulations to protect public health, safety and welfare
🗑
|
||||
| Euclidean zoning | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1925, developed comprehensive plan for Cincinnati, the first American city to adopt a comprehensive plan; Defending zoning in Amber v Eucid
🗑
|
||||
| Form-based zoning | show 🗑
|
||||
| Transect zoning | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | focuses on the intensity of development that is acceptable and its impact on the environment; does not deal with use but with how development impacts the surrounding area
🗑
|
||||
| show | Costs levied on developers as a condition for receiving permission to develop in a community (i.e. contribution of land, facilities or funding); Extractions reflect the costs that a dev is projected to impose on a community
🗑
|
||||
| show | used to secure a portion of rights associated with a parcel
🗑
|
||||
| show | Right granted by owner to other to building, maintain and use a road, pathway or utility line across the owner’s property
🗑
|
||||
| show | Prohibits the government from taking private property for public use without paying just compensation to the property owner (14th Amendment deals with due process in taking)
🗑
|
||||
| Ripeness doctrine | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Hardship inherent in the physical characteristics of the land (although often misconstrued as alleviation of financial hardship)
🗑
|
||||
| Euclid v Ambler (1926) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Spur Industries v Del E Webb Dev Co (1972) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | US Supreme Court ruled that LA violated free speech by banning noncommercial signage on public property
🗑
|
||||
| show | US Supreme Court upheld zoning ordinance that prohibited adult theaters with 1K ft of residence etc bc it did not violate free speech bc it didn’t altogether prohibit use in city
🗑
|
||||
| First English Evangelical Lutheran Church of Glendale v County of Los Angeles (1987) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Tahoe Sierra Preservation Council v Tahoe Regional Planning Association (2002) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | show 🗑
|
||||
| Standard State Zoning Enabling Act (1924, 1926) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Outlined powers of municipal planning commissions and required the adoption of a master plan by local governing bodies; Provided for establishment of regional planning commissions and regional plans; Published by Dept of Commerce under Hoover
🗑
|
||||
| show | Established the basis for Urban Renewal
🗑
|
||||
| Housing Act of 1954 | show 🗑
|
||||
| Demonstration Cities and Metropolitan Development Act (1966) | show 🗑
|
||||
| 4 Steps of Hazard Mitigation Planning | show 🗑
|
||||
| “T-value” | show 🗑
|
||||
| Subsidence | show 🗑
|
||||
| Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is per capita daily water demand? | show 🗑
|
||||
| A gravity feed water supply system must have storage tanks how far above the distribution area? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 150 gallons
🗑
|
||||
| What is a perc test? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is per capita saily solid waste production? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Detention vs. Retention? | show 🗑
|
||||
| CERCLA (1980) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | <10%
🗑
|
||||
| show | Multimodal listing of highway, public transit, bicycle and pedestrian improvements and transportation emission reduction measures for which fed funds have been earmarked in particular region (in effict 3-5yrs)
🗑
|
||||
| How large is a Traffic Analysis Zone? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1) Trip generation; 2) Trip distribution; 3) modal split; 4) trip assignment in network
🗑
|
||||
| Hierarchy of roads | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The street right of way that is traveled; this does not include the curb
🗑
|
||||
| Travel Demand Management (TDM) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Uses computer-based info and sensing technologies to improve traffic coordination, system capacity and safety (i.e. freeway message signs, coordinated signals, automated toll collection)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Most--single fam home; Least--retirement homes
🗑
|
||||
| show | 1.0 - 5.0 spaces per 1,000 SF of GLA
🗑
|
||||
| What is peak parking space factor for offices? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is peak parking space factor for a hotel? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 5 - 25 spaces per 1,000 SF of GLA
🗑
|
||||
| show | 0.2 - 2.0 spaces per unit
🗑
|
||||
| show | A (best) to F (worst)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Boston, 1897
🗑
|
||||
| show | Bronx River Parkway, 1926
🗑
|
||||
| National Interstate and Defense Highways Act (1956) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA 1990) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Successor to ISTEA; added new initiatives for improving safety, protecting natural environment, advancing economic growth and competitiveness; emphasized transit as alt to highway expansion
🗑
|
||||
| What is Concurrency? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Regional park - at least 250 acres (or 5 acres for every 1,000 people); Community park - at least 20 acres (or 3 acres for every 1,000 people); Neighborhood park - at least 5 acres (or ? acres per 1,000 people)
🗑
|
||||
| show | May protect green space by allowing higher density development on some sections of a parcel of land and non on other sections of the parcel
🗑
|
||||
| show | Measures the concentration of industry in an geographic area relative to a larger area (% of workers employed by the industry in the sample area divided by the % of workers employed in the same industry in the larger area); LQ>1 means product exported, LQ
🗑
|
||||
| show | Use to compare and contrast growth rates among industrial sectors; Used to distinguish btwn the effices of national and local economic trends
🗑
|
||||
| Sizes of different types of shopping centers | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Special-purpose governments that generally serve a single purpose and are geographically defined; May levy taxes and issue debt and employ user charges as financial mechanism
🗑
|
||||
| show | Use for site acquisition and clearance to facilitate economic development; Competitive funds (vs entitlement CDBG funds)
🗑
|
||||
| show | To stop redlining; required banks to loan to areas it serves customers in
🗑
|
||||
| show | Fed funds to make distressed urban areas economically competitive with suburban neighbors; Incentives such as property tax reductions, sales tax reductions, wage tax credits, low-interest financing
🗑
|
||||
| First city to enact Historic Preservation Ordinance? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | First sig. legal case about historic pres; Supreme Court ruled that acquisition of the national battlefield at Gettysburg served a valid public purpose
🗑
|
||||
| show | First law to provide fed protection for archaeological and historic sites; allowed designation of National Monuments
🗑
|
||||
| show | A private nfp membership org dedicated to saving historic places and revitalizing communities
🗑
|
||||
| show | Est. National Register of Historic Places; Provide (sect. 106) for protection of preservation-worthy sites and properties threatened by federal activities
🗑
|
||||
| show | Columbia, MD (1960s); Pioneered development of indoor shopping malls in the 1950s; Introduced festival marketplaces to dying downtowns (Faneuil Hall, Inner Harbor in Baltimore, South Street Seaport); Grandfather of Edward Norton
🗑
|
||||
| show | Image of the City (1960); Showed which elements of the built environment are important to how people understand the layout of a place; Network of paths, edges, dstricts, nodes and landmarks contribute to the image of a city
🗑
|
||||
| William H. Whyte | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Great Streets (1995) - analyzed quality and quantity of features that characterize great streets around the world
🗑
|
||||
| Edge Cities (1991) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Dominant urban form with large, isolated, suburban office complexes that are not accessible by pedestrians or transit
🗑
|
||||
| When/how/who Philadelphia planned? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Pierre L’Enfant, 1701, radial streets over a gridiron pattern; Applied principles on monumental design
🗑
|
||||
| When/how/who Savannah, George planned? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Olmsted and Vaux, Garden suburb w parks and greenways; First planned suburban community stressing rural as opposed to urban amenities
🗑
|
||||
| show | 1885, Chicago; structural steel made skyscraper possible
🗑
|
||||
| show | NYC, 1857, Elisha Otis; made highrise buildings feasible
🗑
|
||||
| Letchworth, England | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Olmsted Jr, 1911; Influenced Clarence Perry’s neighborhood unit concept
🗑
|
||||
| Mariemont, OH | show 🗑
|
||||
| Sunnyside Gardens | show 🗑
|
||||
| Greenbelt towns | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1947-1947 construction; First privately financed planned community in the US
🗑
|
||||
| New Towns | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | New Urbanist planned community; Duany; traditional neighborhood design; construction began 1982
🗑
|
||||
| show | Included explanation by Clarence Perry of neighborhood unit concept
🗑
|
||||
| Current % breakdown of homes urban/suburban/rural? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 66%
🗑
|
||||
| show | New homes are 50% larger, HH size has shrunk by 1 person
🗑
|
||||
| Daily homeless population in the US? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 51% single men; 17% are single women; 39% are families with children; 13-25% are employed
🗑
|
||||
| show | Required buildings to provide only narrow airshaft btwn adjacent structures and only two toilets on each floor (called dumbbell tenements bc of their shape)
🗑
|
||||
| NYC Tenement House Law (1901) | show 🗑
|
||||
| What % of US mortgages do Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac together hold? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1976 housing voucher program for public housing residents to move to suburbs for better economic and educational opportunities
🗑
|
||||
| show | Established federal insurance of savings deposits; Created the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) to underwrite mortgage insurance (with strict requirements for type and location home, and owner)
🗑
|
||||
| Wagner-Steagall Housing Act (1937) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Focus on slum clearance, urban renewal and new housing construction (initialed Urban Renewal)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Expanded Urban Renewal; Instituted comprehensive housing and community redevelopment planning; Section 701 grants for planning in small communities--contributed to the establishment of local planning depts
🗑
|
||||
| show | Created HUD; Robert Weaver first HUD secretary
🗑
|
||||
| show | Instituted CDBG program
🗑
|
||||
| Steward B. McKinney Act (1987) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Impact fee / linkage fee | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Salt Lake Cit, 1868; founded by Brigham Young as way to decrease dependence on outside goods
🗑
|
||||
| show | Often prepared in response to a specific problem, in communities where neighborhoods are well defined
🗑
|
||||
| show | Small, privately owned sewage treatment facilities used bu a s,a;;
🗑
|
||||
| show | Mix of uses, w sidewalks, trees and on-street parking; Medium density; shallow front yards for residences; potentially 0’ setback for commerical areas; diverse housing types
🗑
|
||||
| Town planing considerations | show 🗑
|
||||
| Homestead Act (1862) | show 🗑
|
||||
| What % of rural Americans live on farms? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Facts about metro-farms | show 🗑
|
||||
| What % of rural employment is in manufacturing? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Dillion’s Rule vs. Home Rule | show 🗑
|
||||
| Cities in Evolution (1915) | show 🗑
|
||||
| First full-time planner employed by an American city? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Ian McHarg | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1) Gather factual info; 2) Gather info using participatory process; 3) Analyze information; 4) Report information; 5) Present the plan for review; 6) Revise plan accordingly; 7) Submit plan for adoption
🗑
|
||||
| show | Usually for an entire municipality or county; Addresses short-term and long-term planning concerns, current and future trends; Documents what ideas the community is seeking through a series of goals and implementation strategies
🗑
|
||||
| Capital Facilities Plan | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Based on availability of resources and needs based on forecasts and population projections; May detail potential financing through i.e. bongs, special districts, TIFs
🗑
|
||||
| Goal vs. Objective vs. Policy | show 🗑
|
||||
| Role of the Planning Department | show 🗑
|
||||
| Role of Planning Commission | show 🗑
|
||||
| Zoning Board of Appeals (ZBA) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A range of values around a sample statistic; the population parameter is expected to be within that interval
🗑
|
||||
| show | Median is better measure of central tendency because it is less influence by outliers than the mean
🗑
|
||||
| Variance (statistics Q) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The square root of the variance; Use to describe the degree to which a distribution is spread out (how far from the mean data points tend to be); About 68 percent of measurements in a normal distribution are within 1 std deviation of the mean; about 95% a
🗑
|
||||
| Chi-squared test | show 🗑
|
||||
| Ratio or Step-down method | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Uses readily available data, such as building permits, school enrollment, or voter registration, to estimate the current population
🗑
|
||||
| show | Designed to be a relatively homogeneous unit with respect to population characteristics, economic status and living conditions; Averages ~4,000 people
🗑
|
||||
| Census Block | show 🗑
|
||||
| Census Block Group | show 🗑
|
||||
| Census Designated Place (CDP) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Place | show 🗑
|
||||
| Incorporated Place | show 🗑
|
||||
| Urban Area | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Densely settled territories that have at least 2,500 people but fewer than 50,000
🗑
|
||||
| show | An area consisting of at least one central place and adjacent territory, with a general population density of at least 1,000 people/square mile of land area and a minimum residential population of at least 50,000 people
🗑
|
||||
| Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Median age of US population according to 2000 Census? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 2.59 persons (owner-occupied = 2.69, renter-occupied - 2.4)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Biggest: California; Smallest: Wyoming
🗑
|
||||
| PERT (Program Evaluation Review Technique) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Traditional budget process | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Traditional municipal budget; Divides expenditures into categories such as equipment and personnel; Are not easily utilized as management tool
🗑
|
||||
| Performance budgets | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Divides govt expenditures into program components rather than objects of expenditure; Focuses on fundamental objectives of a program, future implications of current budgeting decision, all costs, and alternatives; Robert McNamara (USDOD) in 60s-70s
🗑
|
||||
| Zero-Base Budgeting | show 🗑
|
||||
| Management by Objective (MBO) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | street layouts, lots, and blocks
🗑
|
||||
| 3 basic elements of subdivision requirements | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Aaron Wildansky
🗑
|
||||
| show | Taxing power of the jurisdiction is pledged to pay interest upon, and retire the debt; Can be sold to finance permanent types of improvement such as schools, municipal buildings, parks, and rec facilities; Voter approval may be required
🗑
|
||||
| show | Sold for projects that produce revenues; Are not backed by the full faith and credit of the local jurisdiction, but are financed in the long-term through service charges or fees
🗑
|
||||
| Lease-Purchase Agreements | show 🗑
|
||||
| Airport planning | show 🗑
|
||||
| Uses compatible with airport noise-affected areas | show 🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
juliestein
Popular Standardized Tests sets