Blood and Lymphatic System
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| embolus | dislodged, circulating clot
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| agglutination | clumping of cells as a result of interaction with specific antibodies
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| albumin | a plasma protien, helps maintain blood volume and blood pressure
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| allergens | a substance that can produce a hypersensitive reaction in the body
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| anaphylaxis | an exaggerated life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction to a previously encountered antigen
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| antibodies | substances produced by the body in response to bacteria, viruses, or other foreign substances
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| antigens | a substance, usually a protein, that causes the formation of an antibody and reacts specifically with that antibody
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| coagulation | the process of transforming a liquid into a solid
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| dyscrasia | an abnormal condition of the blood or bone marrow
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| edema | the abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissues
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| erythrocyte | a mature red blood cell
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| erythropoietin | a hormone synthesized mainly in the kidneys and released into the bloodstream in response to anoxia (lack of oxygen)
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| hematologist | a medical specialist in the field of hematology
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| hemoglobin | a complex protein-iron compound in the blood that carries oxygen to the cells from the lungs and carbon dioxide away from the cells to the lungs
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| hemorrhage | a loss of a large amount of blood in a short period of time
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| hyperalbuminemia | an increased level of albumin in the blood
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| hyperlipemia | an excessive level of blood fats, also known as hyperlipidemia
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| leukocyte | a white blood cell
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| leukocytopenia | abnormal decrease in number of white blood cells
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| pancytopenia | a marked reduction in the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
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| plasma | the watery, straw-colored, fluid portion of the lymph
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| platelet | a clotting cell; a thrombocyte
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| septicemia | systemic infection
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| serology | branch of laboratory medicine that studies blood serum
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| serum | plasma-fibrogen
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| splenomegaly | an abnormal enlargement of the spleen
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| thrombocyte | a clotting cell; a platelet
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| thrombus | a clot
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| aquired immunity | having had the disease or from having received an immunization against a disease
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| edema | the accumulation of fluid within the tissue spaces
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| hypersensitivity | an abnormal condition characterized by an excessive reaction to a particular stimulus
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| immunity | the state of being resistant to or protected from a disease
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| immunotherapy | a special treatment of allergic responses that administers increasingly large doses of the offending allergens to gradually develop immunity
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| local reaction | a reaction to treatment that occurs at the site it was administered
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| lymphocyte | originating from fetal stem cells and developing in the bone marrow
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| natural immunity | immunity with which we are born
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| pathogens | disease-producing microorganisms
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| susceptible | a sate of having a lack of resistance
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| anemia | condition in which there is a decrease in hemoglobin
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| aplastic anemia | pancytopenia - inadequacy of the formed blood elements (RBCs, WBCs, and platelets)
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| hemolytic anemia | extreme reduction in circulating RBCs due to their destruction
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| iron deficiency anemia | characterized by deficiency of hemoglobin level due to a lack of iron
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| pernicious anemia | results from a deficiency of mature RBCs due to lack of vitamin B12
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| sickle cell anemia | chronic hereditary form of hemolytic anemia in which the RBCs become shaped like a crescent in the presence of low oxygen concentration
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| hemophilia | involves different hereditary inadequacies of coagulation factors
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| leukemia | excessive uncontrolled increase of immature WBCs in the blood
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| polycythemia vera | abnormal increase in the number of RBCs, granulocytes, and thrombocytes - leading to an increase in blood volume and viscosity (thickness)
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| purpura | pinpoint hemorrahages appearing as red-purple skin discolorations
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| thalassemia | hereditary form of hemolytic anemia in which the hemoglobin is deficient
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| Coomb's test | Rh incompatibility between a pregnant Rh negative woman and her Rh positive fetus
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| bleeding time | measurement of the time required for bleeding to stop
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| blood transfusion | administration of blood or a blood component to an individual to replace blood lost through surgery, trauma, or disease
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| complete blood cell count (CBC) | series of tests performed on peripheral blood, which inexpensively screens for problems
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| erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ERS) | test performed on the blood, which measures the rate at which red blood cells settle out in a tube of unclotted blood
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| hematocrit | RBC "percentage" in the total blood volume
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| hemoglobin test | concentration measurement of the hemoglobin in the peripheral blood
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| lipid profile | measures the lipids in the blood
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| platelet count | the count of platelets per cubic millimeter of blood
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| prothrombin time (PT) | blood test used to evaluate; clot formation
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| red blood cell count (RBC) | measurement of the circulating number of RBCs
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| red blood cell morphology | examination of the RBC on a stained blood smear that enables the examiner to identify the form and shape of the RBCs
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| reticulocyte count | measurement of the number of circulating reticlocytes
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| Schilling test | a diagnostic analysis for pernicious anemia
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| white blood cell (WBC) count | measurement of the circulating number of WBCs
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| white blood cell differential | measurement of the percentage of the each specific type of circulating WBCs
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| AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
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| Kaposi'a sarcoma | malignant neoplasm of the blood vessels associated with AIDS
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| lymphoma | lymphoid tissue neoplasm that is typically malignant
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| mononucleosis | Epstein-Barr virus (EVB), known as kissing disease
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| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | blood test used for screening for an antibody to the AIDS virus
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| lymphangiogram | x-ray assessment of the lymphatic system following injection of a "contrast medium" into the lymph vessels
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