AICP Transportation
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| Trip generation | Deals with the number of trips that a particular site is likely to generate; influenced by land use, intensity of use, characteristics of the journey, trip purpose, and trip purpose trip purpose, and socioeconomic characteristics of the person making trip
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| Origin-Destination Survey | A detailed survey to estimate travel demands on a traffic system .
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| Cross tabulation mode | Estimates of trip generation rates based on land use type, purpose, or socioeconomic characteristics. When local surveys are unavailable due to time or monetary constraints, published rates are used to derive estimates.
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| Office Space | 11 daily trips per 1,000 square feet
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| Single family residential dwelling | 9.6 vehilce trips per unit
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| Shopping center | 43 daily trips per 1,000 square feet
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| Light industrial development | 7 daily trips per 1,000 square feet
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| Trip Distribution | Generally provides information on how many trips are made between each zone and every other zone. Provides information on trip distances, time and cost, the nature of the trip, socioeconomic characteristics, and the nature of the transportation system.
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| Gravity Model | Tool that attempts to quantify the rather complex trip generation relationships. It provides trip estimates based directly on the proportional attractiveness of the zone and inversely proportional to the trip length.
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| Modal Split | Deals with how people get to where they want to go, and the form of transportation that they use.
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| AADT (Average Annual Daily Traffic) | The amount of traffic on a roadway in a 24 hour period, averaged over a year.
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| Peak hour volume | The hourly traffic during the peak period
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| Seasonal hour volume | Peak hour volumes during different seasons
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| Design Hour Volume (DHV) | The capacity of the roadway to handle traffic
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| Traffic (trip) assignment | Network models to predict the distribution of traffic for each roadway by the hour. Peak volumes can then be compared with DHV to see which, if any, roadways are going to experience traffic over their design capacity.
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| Vehicle Miles of Travel (VMT) | is a measure of vehicular mobility obtained from travel inventories.
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| Ideal Roadway Design | Ten foot travel lanes, eight foot parking lanes, and a curb and planting strip. However, the resulting ROW of 56 feet is much wider than most local streets.
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| Local Street Design | 500 foot maximum tangents, stop signs or speed bumps to slow things down, 150 feet between intersections & clear site distances of 75 feet.
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| Local Streets | Provide direct access to adjacent land and to the higher classified streets.
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| Collectors | Provide both land access and traffic circulation with residential, commercial, and industrial areas by collecting and distributing traffic to these areas,
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| Minor Arterials | interconnect the principal arterials, provide less mobility, smaller geographic areas than principal arterials.
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| Principal Arterials | Serve longer trips, carry the highest traffic volumes, carry a large percentage of the VMT on minimum mileage, and provide minimal land access.
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| Highway Capacity Manual | provides concepts, guidelines, and procedures for computing highway capacity and quality of service based on road type, published by the Transportation Research Board.
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| Level of Service | The ability of a road or street to accommodate traffic flow. Ranges from A to F. A LOS of A means there is free flowing traffic and F means heavy traffic congestion with severely reduced traffic speeds.
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| Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944 | Created a 40,000-mile "National System of Interstate Highways," but without national importance and no increase in federal funding. Construction of this system began in August 1947, but without increased federal support, many states balked at the idea.
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| Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956, | Authorized $25 billion to be spent between 1957 and 1969.
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| Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1962 | Federal mandate for urban transportation planning. The Act required urban planning for transportation projects impacting populations of +50,000.
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| Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1962 | Called for a "continuing, comprehensive, and cooperative" (3C) planning process for urban transportaion planning.
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| Also known as the National Interstate and Defense Highways Act | The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956
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| The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) | Passed 1991 - presented an overall intermodal approach to highway and transit funding with collaborative planning requirements, giving significant additional powers to metropolitan planning organizations.
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| The Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21) | Authorized the Federal surface transportation programs for highways, highway safety, and transit for the 6-year period 1998-2003.
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| The Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU) | Passed 2005 - Authorized $286.4 billion in surface transportation spending.
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| Created by The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1962 | Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs)
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| Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) | A unified planning work program for areas with populations of 200,000 or more, prepared by MPOs. Lists all projects for which federal funds are anticipated, along with non-federally funded projects that are regionally significant.
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| Transit Oriented Development (TOD) | Residential and commercial areas designed to maximize access by different modes of transportation, including automobiles, transit, bicycles, and pedestrians. These developments are specifically designed to encourage the use of public transportation.
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| Traffic Calming | Involves changes in street alignment, installation of barriers, and other physical measures to reduce traffic speeds and/or cut-through volumes, in the interest of street safety, livability, and other public purposes.
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