Medical Terminology Sys.: A Body Sys. App. 6th Ed.
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| antagonistic | acting in opposition; mutually opposing
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| electrolyes | mineral salts(Na+,K+,Ca2+) that carry an electrical charge in solution
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| glucagon | hormone produced by pancreatic alpha cells that increases the blood glucose level by stimulating the liver to changed stored glycogen (a starch form of sugar) to glucose [glucagon opposes insulin; reverse hypoglycemic reactions in insulin shock]
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| glucose | simple sugar that is the end product of carbohydrate digestion
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| homeostatis | relative constancy or balance in the internal environment of the body, maintained by processes of feedback and adjustment in response to external or internal changes
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| hormones | chemical substances produced by specialized cells of the body that are released slowly in minute amounts directly into the bloodstream
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| insulin | hormone produced by pancreatic beta cells that acts to remove sugar (glucose) from the blood by promoting its storage in tissues as carbohydrates (glycogen)
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| sympathomimetic | agent that mimics the effects of the sympathetic nervous system; epinephrine and norepinephrine are sympathomimetic hormones because they produce effects that mimic those brought about by the sympathetic nervous system
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| target | structure, organ, or tissue to which something is directed
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| ACTH | the hormone andrenocorticotropic hormone from adenohypophysis AP acts upon the adrenal cortex, promotes secretions of some hormones by adrenal cortex, cortisol specifically [HYPER~CUSHING DISEASE]
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| FSH | the hormone follicle-stimulating hormone from adenohypophysis AP acts upon: ovaries to stim. egg prod, increases secretion of estrogen; & testes to stim. sperm prod [HYPO~FAILURE of SEXUAL MATURATION]
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| GH | the hormone somatotropin, growth hormone, from adenohypophysis AP acts upon bone, cartilage, liver, muscle, and other tissues-stimulates somatic growth; increases use of fats for energy [HYPO~PITUITARY DWARFISM] [HYPER~GIGANTISM & ACROMEGALY]
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| LH | the hormone luteinizing hormone from adenohypophysis AP acts upon: ovaries-promotes ovulation; stim. prod. of estrogen & progesterone; testes-promotes secretion of testosterone [HYPO~FAILURE OF SEXUAL MATURATION]
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| Prolactin | hormone from adenohypophysis AP acts upon breast-in conj w/ other hormones to promote lactation [HYPER~GALACTORRHEA]
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| TSH | the hormone thyroid-stimulating hormone from adenohypophysis AP acts upon: thyroid gland-stim. secretion of thyroid hormone [HYPO~CRETINISM & MYXEDEMA] [HYPER~GRAVES as indicated by exophthalmos]
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