For 2nd chapter vocab
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| conquistador | Spanish solider that explored the Americas and claimed land for Spain
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| Hernando Cortes | Conquistador who brought the Aztecs to ruin
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| Christoper Columbus | Italian navigator who looked for a faster water route to Asia
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| Treaty of Tordesillas | 1494 treaty in which Spain and Portugal agreed to divide lands of the western hemisphere between them and moved the line of Demarcation to the west
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| mercantilism | economic system that increased money in a country's treasury by creating a favorable balance of trade
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| Amerigo Vespucci | Italian sailor who explored what is now the Americas
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| Franciso Pizarro | conquistador who defeated the Inca
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| missionary | person sent by the church to convert native Americas to christianity
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| alliance | people or nations involved in a pact or treaty
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| Henry Hudson | English explorer who sailed fot the Dutch and landed at the coast of present day New York
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| John Cabot | Italian sailor who sailed for English and is believed to have landed in Newfoundland, Canada
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| Giovanni da Verrazzano | Italian sailor who sailed for the French with hopes of finding an all-water route to Asia
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| Jacques Cartier | French sailor who sailed up the St. Lawrence river to present-day Montieal
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| Spanish Arimado | Large fleets of ships sent to invade England and restore catholicism
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| Samual de Champlain | Founder of fur-trading post at Quebec
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| New France | First permanent French colony in North America
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| New Netherland | first permanent Dutch colony in North America
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| Galleon | Sailing ship
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| Slavery | the practice of one person being owned by another person
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| Middle passage | middle leg of the triangular trade route that brought captured Africans to the Americans to serve as slaves
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| Slave codes | law passed to regulate the treatment of slaves
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| racism | belief that some people are inferior because of their race
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| maroon | runaway or fugitive slave
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| encomienda | grant of Native AAmerican slave labor
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| Haclenda | Large farm or estate
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| Mission | settlement created by the Spanish church in order to convert Native Americans to Christianity
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| Bartolome de Las Casas | Spaniard who fought for Native American rights
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| Columbian Exchange | Transfer of plants, animals and diseases between the Western and Eastern hemispheres
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| Plantation | Large farm that raises cash and crops
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| Export | To send abroad for trade or sale
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