Goniometry axis poin
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| shoulder flexion | axis at center of humeral head. when flexed, axis pt moves upward & backward to posterior surface of shoulder
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| shoulder extension | axis at center of humeral head start & finish. watch for excessive scapular motion
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| shoulder aBduction | axis on acromion process on posterior surface of shoulder
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| shoulder internal rotation, aBducted | axis on olecranon process, stationery & moveable arm parallel to forearm
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| shoulder internal rotation, ADducted | axis on olecranon process, stationery & moveable arm parallel to forearm (under elbow)
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| shoulder external rotation, aBducted | axis on olecranon process, stationery & moveable arm parallel to forearm
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| shoulder external rotation, ADducted | axis on olecranon process, stationery & moveable arm parallel to forearm (under elbow)
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| shoulder horizontal aBduction | axis over acromion process. stationary bar parallel over shoulder toward neck, movable bar parallel to humerus on superior aspect
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| shoulder horizontal aDduction | axis over acromion process, stationary bar parallel over shoulder toward neck, movable bar parallel to humerus on superior aspect
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| elbow extension | axis over lateral epicondyle of humerus at end of elbow crease, after movement, reposition goniometer so it is over, although it will not be directly on lateral epicondyle
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| forearm supination | axis at ulnar border of volar aspect of wrist, just proximal to ulna styloid. after movement reposition so movable bar rests squarely across center of distal forearm
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| forearm pronation | axis at ulnar border of dorsal aspect of wrist, just proximal to ulnar styloid. after movement reposition so movable bar rests squarely across center of dorsum of distal forearm
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| wrist flexion | seat client with forearm in midposition and hand and forearm resting on table on ulnar border. Axis on lateral aspect of wrist just distal to radial styloid in snuffbox. S bar P to radius, M bar P to MCP of index finger
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| wrist extension | same as wrist flexion except fingers should be flexed to allow for more ROM
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| wrist ulnar deviation | palm resting on surface. axis on dorsum of wrist at base of 3rd MCP, over capitate bone. M bar parallel to 3rd MCP, S bar over midline of dorsal forearm
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| wrist radial deviation | same as wrist ulnar deviation
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| finger MCP flexion | axis centered on dorsal aspect of MCP joint. S bar on top of MCP, M bar on top of proximal phalanx
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| finger MCP hyperextension | axis over lateral aspect of MP joint of index finger, S bar parallel to MCP, M bar parallel to proximal phalanx. Measure little finger MP joint same way. ROM of long & ring fingers estimate by comparison
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| finger PIP flexion | axis centered on dorsal surface of proximal PIP joint being measured. S bar over proximal phalanx, M bar over middle phalanx
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| finger DIP flexion | axis on dorsal surface of DIP joint. S bar over middle phalanx, M bar over distal phalanx
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| thumb MCP flexion | axis on dorsal surface of MP joint. S bar over thumb MCP, M bar over proximal phalanx
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| thumb IP flexion | axis on dorsal surface of thumb IP joint. S bar over proximal phalanx, M bar over distal phalanx
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| thumb radial abduction | hand palm down on flat surface. axis over CMC joint at base of thumb MCP. S bar P to radius, M bar P to thumb MCP.
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| thumb palmar abduction | hand resting on ulnar border, wrist in neutral. thumb rotated so at right angles to palm of hand. axis at junction of thumb and index finger MCP. S bar & M bar lined up together, parallel to thumb & index finger MCPs
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Created by:
sherryama
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