Skeletal Muscles, Attachments, and Common Actions
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| Name the 4 Gluteal Muscles | Gluteus Minimus, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Maximus, Tensor Fascia Latae
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| Which 2 Gluteal Muscles share the Greater Trochanter as a common attachment? | Gluteus Minimus and Gluteus Meduis
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| Which 2 Gluteal Muscles share the Iliotibial Band (I.T. Band) as a common attachment? | Gluteus Maximus and Tensor Fascia Latae
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| Name the Deep Hip Rotator Muscles in order from superior to inferior. | Piriformis - Superior Gemellus - Obturator Internus & Obturator Externus - Inferior Gemellus - Quadratus Femoris
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| What are the common attachments and actions for the Deep Hip Rotator Muscles? | Greater Trochanter - Lateral Rotation of the hip
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| Obturator Externus | ORIGIN - Anterior Border of Obturator Foramen INSERTION - Greater Trochanter ACTION - Lateral Rotation of the hip.
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| Quadratus Femoris | ORIGIN - Lateral Ischial Tuberosity INSERTION - Greater Trochanter ACTION- Lateral Rotation of the hip. (This is the most inferior of the deep hip rotator group.)
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| Inferior Gemellus | ORIGIN - Ischial Tuberosity INSERTION - Greater Trochanter ACTION - Lateral Rotation of the hip.
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| Superior Gemellus | ORIGIN - Ischial Spine INSERTION - Greater Trochanter ACTION - Lateral Rotation of the hip. (Runs anterior to sciatic nerve)
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| Obturator Internus | ORIGIN - Posterior border of Obturator Foramen INSERTION - Greater Trochanter ACTION - Lateral Rotation of the hip
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| Piriformis | ORIGIN - Lateral border of anteroir sacrum INSERTION - Greater Trochanter ACTION - Lateral rotation of the hip, weak abduction of the hip. (Runs posterior to sciatic nerve)
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| Pes Anserina Group | Sartorius - Anterior thigh
Gracilis - Medial thigh
Semitentinosus - Posterior thigh
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| Intermuscular Septa | The fascia between muscles to separate them into muscle compartments.
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| Fascia Lata | The fascia of the glutes and thighs.
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| Crural Fascia | Fascia of the crus.
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| Pectoral Girdle Muscles | Rhomboideus Major, Rhomboideus Minor, Levator Scapulae, Trapezius, Serratus Anteroir, Pectoralis Minor, Subclavius
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| Which muscle(s) cause depression of the scapula(e)? | Trapezius
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| Which muscle(s) cause adduction (retraction) of the scapula(e)? | Rhomboideus Major, Rhomboideus Minor, Trapezuis
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| Which muscle(s) cause abduction (protraction) of the scapula(e)? | Serratus anterior and pectoralis minor
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| Which muscle(s) cause upward rotation of the scapula(e)? | Trapezuis and Serratus Anterior
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| Which muscle(s) cause elevation of the scapula(e)? | Levator scapulae and trapezius
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| Which muscle(s) cause downward rotation of the scapula(e)? | Rhomboideus Major, Rhomboideus Minor, Pectoralis Minor
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| Serratus Anterior | ORIGIN - Outer surface on lateral region of the first 8 or 9 ribs. INSERTION - Medial Border of the scapula(e). ACTION - Abduction, Upward rotation, Stabilization of Scapula(e), and holds/suspends scapula
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| Levator Scapulae | ORIGIN - Posterior tubercles of Transverse Processes C1-C4 INSERTION - Superior angle and upper medial margin of scapulae ACTION - Elevation of Scapulae (bilaterally), lateral flexion of neck (unilaterally), stabilization of scapulae
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| Pectoralis Minor | ORIGIN - Sternal ends of ribs 3, 4 & 5 (anterior) INSERTION - medial border of corociod process ACTION - Abduction of scapula, downward rotation of scapula, active during forced breathing.
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| Subclavius | ORIGIN - Sternal end of 1st rib INSERTION - Inferior surface of middle clavicle ACTION - downward rotation of clavicle and stabilization of clavicle
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| Rhomboideus Minor | ORIGIN - Spinous Processes of C7 & T1, lower end of nuchal ligament INSERTION - Medial margin of scapula at base of scapular spine ACTION - Adduction of scapula, downward rotation of scapula, stabilization of scapula
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| Rhomboideus Major | ORIGIN - Spinous processes of T2-T5 INSERTION - Medial margin of scapulae between spine and inferior angle ACTION - Adduction of scapula, downward rotation of scapula, stabilization of scapula
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| Trapezuis | ORIGIN - Nuchal Ligament, occipital bone, spinous processes of C7-T12 INSERTION - Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, medial and superior acromion, scapular spine ACTION - Scapular upward rotation, adduction, depression, elevation, stabilization neck extension
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| Supraspinatus | ORIGIN - Supraspinatus Fossa INSERTION - Greater Tubercle of Humerous ACTION - first 15 degrees of humoral abduction, stabilization of shoulder joint.
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| Infraspinatus | ORIGIN - Infraspinatus fossa INSERTION - Greater tubercle of the humerous ACTION - Lateral rotation of shoulder
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| Teres Minor | ORIGIN - Superior half on lateral border of scapula INSERTION - Greater Tubercle of Humerous ACTION - Lateral rotation of shoulder
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| Subscapularis | ORIGIN - Subscapular fossa INSERTION - Lesser Tubercle of Humerous ACTION - Medial rotation of shoulder (Only rotator cuff muscle with medial rotation, also only rotator cuff muscle attaching at lesser tubercle of humerous.)
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| Pectoralis Major | ORIGIN - (Clavicular head) medial 1/2 of clavicle, (Sternal head) manubrium and body of sternum INSERTION - Intertubercular groove ACTION - Shoulder Medial rotation, Shoulder Adduction, Flexion of extended shoulder
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| How do you stretch any muscle? | Move the body towards the opposite of the muscles function(s).
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| Latissimus Dorsi | ORIGIN - Spinous Process of T7, Posterior iliac crest INSERTION - Intertubercular groove ACTION - Shoulder adduction, shoulder medial rotation, extension of flexed arm.
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| Teres Major | ORIGIN - Lateral Surface of scapular inferior angle INSERTION - Intertubercular groove ACTION - Shoulder Adduction, shoulder medial rotation, extension of flexed arm.
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| Deltiod | ORIGIN - Lateral 3rd of clavicle, acromian process, scapular spine. INSERTION - deltiod tuberosity ACTION - Shoulder abduction, shoulder flexion, shoulder extension, weak medial and lateral rotation of shoulder.(Raises arm in any direction)
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| Rotator cuff muscles: | Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis (S.I.T.S.)
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| Muscles of the intertubercular groove: | Pectoralis Major, Teres Major, Latissimus Dorsi (2 Majors and a little miss)
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| Action(s) of Flexor Digitorum Profundus and Flexor Digitorum Superficialis | Flexion of the wrist; flexion of fingers
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| Action(s) of Flexor Pollicis Longus | Flexion of thumb and wrist
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| Action(s) of Pronator Quadratus and Pronator Teres | Pronation of the antibrachium
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| Name the 3 muscles of the deep antibrachium | Flexor Digitorum Profundus; Flexor Pollicis Longus; Pronatot Teres
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| Name the 5 Muscles of the superficial antibrachium | Pronator Teres; Flexor Carpi Radialis; Palmaris Longus; Flexor Carpi Ulnaris; Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
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| Antibrachium Flexor common attachment | Medial Epicondyle
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| Antibrachium Flexor comon action | Flexion of wrist and fingers
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| Action(s) of Flexor Carpi Radialis | Flexion and radial deviation of the wrist
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| Action(s) of Palmaris Longus | Flexion of the wrist
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| Action(s) of Flexor Carpi Ulnaris | Flexion and ulnar deviation of the wrist
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| What anitomical structure do the flexor group muscles pass through? | The carpal tunnel
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| Coracobrachialis | ORIGIN - Corocoid process of scapula INSERTION - Medial side of mid humoral shaft ACTION - Flextion of the shoulder
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| Brachialis | ORIGIN - Anterior surface of distal humoral shaft INSERTION - Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process ACTION - Flexion of the elbow
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| Biceps Brachii | ORIGIN - (short head) corocoid process, (long head) supraglenoid tubercle INSERTION - Radial tuberosity ACTION - Flexion of shoulder; flexion of elbow; supination of antibrachium
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| Triceps Brachii | ORIGIN - (short head) Distal half of humoral shaft; (long head) infraglenoid tubercle; (lateral head) Proximal posterior half of humerous INSERTION - Olecranon Process ACTION - Extension of shoulder; Extension of elbow
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| Action(s) of Brachioradialis | Flexion of elbow
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| Action(s) of Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis | Extension and radial deviation of wrist
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| Action(s) of Extensor Digitorum | Extension of wrist; extension of fingers
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| Action(s) of Extensor Digiti Minimi | Extension of pinky finger
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| Action(s) of Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | Extension and Ulnar deviation of wrist
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| Action(s) of Supinator Muscle | Supinates the Antibrachium
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| Action(s) of Anconeus Muscle | Extension of the elbow
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| Action(s) of Extensor Pollicis Longus and Extensor Pollicis Brevis | Extension of Thumb and Wrist
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| Action(s) of Abductor Pollicis Longus | Abduction of the thumb
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| Action(s) of Extensor Indicis | Extension of the wrist and index fingerq
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| Antibrachium Extensor common action | Extension of the Wrist
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| Antibrachium Extensor common attachment | Lateral Epicondyle
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| Action(s) of Abductor Digiti Minimi | Abduction of pinky finger
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| Action(s) of Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis | Flexes pinky finger
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| Action(s) of Opponens Digiti Minimi | Moves pinky finger towards thumb for opposition
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| Action(s) of Palmaris Brevis | Strengthens the grip of the hand
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| Action(s) of Abductor Pollicis Brevis | Abduction of the thumb
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| Action(s) of Flexor Pollicis Brevis | Flexion of the thumb
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| Action(s) of Opponens Pollicis | Rotation of the thumb to oppose fingers
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| Action(s) of Adductor Pollicis | Adduction of the thumb
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| Action(s) of Lumbrical Muscles | Control of fine motor movement, helps hand sensitivity
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| Action(s) of Palmar Interossei | (PAD) Adduction of Fingers
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| Action(s) of Dorsal Interossei | (DAB) Abduction of Fingers
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