Human anatomy II Endocrine system Study guide
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| Hormone | show 🗑
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| Difference between the signal the endocrine system sends to target tissue and the signal the nervous system sends | show 🗑
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| show | Autocrines: chemical signals released by a cell and the substance affects that same cell, Paracrines: chemical signals released into intercellular fluid and affecting nearby cells
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| what type of molecules hormones are made of | show 🗑
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| what types of signals regulate the secretion of hormones | show 🗑
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| properties of hormones: water soluble and lipid soluble | show 🗑
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| show | synthesized and secreted into the bloodstream by the adrenal cortex and the gonads (lipids)
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| what specificity of binding means | show 🗑
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| which type of hormones (water soluble vs lipid soluble) bind to which types of receptors. | show 🗑
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| show | small lipid-soluble hormones diffuse through the plasma membrane and combine with intracellular receptors of intracellular receptors. The combination of hormones and intracellular receptors produces a response.
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| the different types of hormone receptors (By site, figure ID) | show 🗑
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| what things an activated G protein can do | show 🗑
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| show | (cGMP) produced intracellularly in response to hormone attaching to receptor, cGMP combine with and activate specific enzymes in cytoplasm. Cell responds
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| show | middle of the head behind the eye
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| show | releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones pass through the hypothalamohypophysial portal system to the anterior pituitary
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| the hormones and structure of the posterior pituitary | show 🗑
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| what hormones are produced by the anterior pituitary | show 🗑
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| what the hypothalamus regulates | show 🗑
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| show | T3 (triioxothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine)
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| The properties of thyroid hormones | show 🗑
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| the properties of calcitonin and what it does | show 🗑
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| the location of the parathyroid glands | show 🗑
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| the properties of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) and what it does | show 🗑
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| show | formed from neural crest; sympathetic. Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine located in the center of the adrenal gland
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| show | Epinephrine and norepinephrine increase heart rate and force of contraction; cause blood vessels to constrict in skin, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and other viscera
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| the hormones produced by the adrenal cortex | show 🗑
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| show | Aldosterone produced in greatest amounts.
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| show | Increases fat and protein breakdown, increases glucose synthesis, decreases inflammatory response
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| show | mineralocorticoids, Zona glomerulosa, Increases rate of sodium reabsorption by kidneys increasing sodium blood levels
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| what hormones and the cells involved in hormone secretion from the pancreas | show 🗑
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| show | Increases uptake of glucose and amino acids by cells
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| show | hyperglycemia, age
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| show | Target tissue is liver, Causes breakdown of glycogen and fats for energy
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| which hormone levels increase after a meal | show 🗑
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| show | short term: increased eipnephrine, glucagon and inhibits insulin secretion. Prolonged: ACTH and GH release ACTH stimulates increased cortisol secretion
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| where Testosterone and Estrogen are produced | show 🗑
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| which hormones are produced by the ovaries | show 🗑
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| the function of the pineal body | show 🗑
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| show | produces T-Cells (T-lymphocytes) which are critical cells of the adaptive immune system
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| what substance (We mentioned in class at the end of the chapter) can promote inflammation, pain and vasodilation (not hormone, both autocrine and paracrine effects) | show 🗑
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| the general term for the mechanism of action of hormones | show 🗑
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| examples of lipid-soluble hormones | show 🗑
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| water-soluble hormones bind with | show 🗑
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