Anatomy of the Foramina of the Skull
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| Incisive fossa | Nasopalatine nerve, sphenopalatine vessels
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| Greater palatine forament | Greater palatine nerve and vessels
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| Lesser palatine foramen | Lesser palatine nerve and vessels
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| Foramen lacerum | Greater petrosal nerve, deep petrosal nerve, internal carotid artery (all across upper portion)
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| Pterygoid canal | Nerve of the pterygoid canal (greater and deep petrosal nerves), vessels of the pterygoid canal
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| Foramen ovale | Mandibular nerve (V3), lesser petrossal nerve, accessory meningeal artery
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| Foramen spinosum | Middle meningeal artery and vein, meingeal branch of V3
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| Carotid canal | Internal carotid artery and plexus
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| Petrotympanic fissure | chorda tympani of facial nerve
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| Stylomastroid foramen | Facial nerve
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| Jugular fossa | CN IX, X, XI, Inferior petrosal sinus, internal jugular vein
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| Hypoglossal canal | Hypoglossal nerve
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| Foramen magnum | medulla oblongata/spinal cord, vertebral arteries and venous plexus, accessory nerve roots
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| Nasal slit | anterior ethmoidal nerve and vessels
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| anterior ethmoidal foramen | anterior ethmoidal nerve and vessels
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| foramina of cribiform plate | olfactory nerve (I)
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| posterior ethmoidal foramen | posterior ethmoidal nerve and vessels
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| Optic canal | optic nerve (II), opthalmic artery
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| superior orbital fissure | oculumotor nerve (III), trochlear nerve (IV), opthalmic nerve (VI) branches, abducens nerve (VI), superior opthalmic vein
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| foramen rotundum | maxillary nerve (V2)
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| Foramen ovale | madibular nerve (V3), lesser petrosal nerve, accessory meningeal artery
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| Foramen spinosum | Middle meningeal artery and vein, meningeal branch of V3
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| Foramen lacerum | Not a true foramen (occluded by cartilage). Greater petrossal nerve, deep petrossal erve, and internal carotid artery PASS ACROSS upper end
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| Carotid canal | internal carotid artery and plexus
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| Hiatus of the greater petrosal nerve | greater petrosal nerve
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| Hiatus of the lesser petrosal nerve | lesser petrosal nerve
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| internal acoustic meatus | CN VII, VIII, labyrinthine artery
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| Jugular foramen | CN IX, X, XI, inferior petrosal sinus, sigmoid sinus/internal jugular vein
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| Hypoglossal canal | Hypoglossal nerve
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| Foramen magnum | Medulla oblongata/spinl cord, vertebral arteries and venous plexus, accessory nerve roots
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| Supraorbital notch/foramen | supraorbital nerve and vessels
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| Infraorbital foramen | infraorbital nerve and vessels
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| mental foramen | mental nerve and vessels
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| superior orbital fissure | CN III, IV, VI branches, VI, superior opthalmic vein
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| Inferior orbital fissure | Infraorbital nerve and vessels, zygomatic nerve, inferior opthalmic vein
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| Infraorbital groove | Infraorbital nerve and vessels
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| Optic canal | Optic nerve (II), opthalmic artery
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| Mandibular foramen | inferior alveolar nerve and vessels
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| Mental foramen | mental nerve and vessels
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