Anatomy of the Inguinal region
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| The ________ is a 3-5 oblique passageway occuring in the inquinal region of the anterior body wall | show 🗑
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| How is the inguinal canal formed? | show 🗑
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| show | spermatic cord
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| show | Start in upper lumbar region (posterior abdominal wall); covered with a peritoneum (hence retroperitoneal)
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| show | ligamentous cord condenses along the posterior abdominal wall; connect the inferior surface of each testis to the bottom of the scrotum; growth of embryo causes it to shorten-->testes pulled inferiorly-->forms processus vaginalis (by peritoneum)
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| The __________ forms immediately anterior to the gubernaculum and precedes the testis as it moves toward the scrotum | show 🗑
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| show | Transversalis fascia, internal oblique muscle, and external oblique muscle; together invest layers through the inquinal canal
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| show | deep inguinal ring
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| The opening in the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique becomes the ___ | show 🗑
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| show | coverings of the spermatic cord and testes
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| Describe the formation of the two layers of the tunica vaginalis | show 🗑
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| show | It is obliterated shortly after birth leaving only the tunica vaginalis
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| What is the ultimate fate of the gubernaculum? what is its function | show 🗑
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| show | Cryptochidism ("hidden testis" Gr.)
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| show | 3; internal spermatic fascia (from trasnversalis fascia), cremasteric muscle and fascia (from internal abdominal oblique), and the external spermatic fascia (external abdominal oblique)
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| show | It is the filmy innermost covering of the spermatic cord; forms as the processus vaginalis evaginates the transversalis fascia
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| What is the cremasteric muscle and fascia? What does it do? | show 🗑
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| show | Thin outermost covering of the spermatic cord, formed from the external oblique aponeurosis; attached superior to the crura of the superficial inguinal ring; continous with the fascia of the external abdominal oblique muscle
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| Describe the descent of the ovaries | show 🗑
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| What is the ultimate fate of the gubernaculum in the female body? | show 🗑
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| show | round ligament of the uterus
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| show | deep (internal) ring opening in the transversalis fascia, superficial (external) ring opening in the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle
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| What are the boundaries of the inguinal canal: anterior wall | show 🗑
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| show | transversalis fascia over entire length, conjoint tendon on medial one-third, reflected inguinal ligament of the external abdominal oblique on medial one third
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| show | arched fibers of the internal abdominal oblique muscle and trasnversus abdominis muscle
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| show | inguinal ligament of the external abdominal oblique, lacunar ligament of the external abdominal oblique
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| show | The potrusion of tissue (e.g. internal organ) through an abnormal opening or a weakened anterior abdominal wall (often the inguinal canal)
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| What causes an indirect inguinal hernia? | show 🗑
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| show | Lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels; an internal organ may pass completely through the inguinal canal (i.e. through both deep and superficial inguinal rings) and lie in the scrotum
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| show | When internal organ pushes directly through the superficial inguinal ring without transversing the inguinal canal; occurs medial to the inferior epigastric vessels; lies in Hesselbach's triangle
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| show | inferiorly by the epigastric artery; laterally by rectus abdominis muscle and inguinal ligament
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| show | Conjoined
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| show | transversalis, subserous, peritoneum
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| True or false: in a direct inguinal hernia, the contents of the hernia will enter the inguinal canal along side the spermatic cord distal to the origin of the internal spermatic fascia | show 🗑
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| show | internal spermatic; cremasteric
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| Where is the weakness associated with direct inguinal hernia? | show 🗑
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| Which type of hernia is more common in older men? | show 🗑
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| What structure divides the scrotum into left and right halves? | show 🗑
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| show | The superficial fascia
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| What muscle is continaed ithin the superficial fascia? What does it do? What innervates it? | show 🗑
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| show | The membranous layer of the superficial fascia of the abdomen (Scarpa's fascia) and the perineum (Colle's fascia)
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| show | Scrotal septum
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| What are the thee primary contents of the scrotum? | show 🗑
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| What are the (5) layers covering the testis? | show 🗑
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| show | It is adherent to the testis and the epididymis
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| show | Sinus of the epididymis
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| What is the tunica albuginea | show 🗑
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| show | Formed within the seminiferous tubules; within lobules formed by the septa in the testes
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| show | rete testis
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| What structure connects the rete testis to the head of the epididymis? | show 🗑
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| show | A tightly coiled tube which connects the efferent ducts to the vas deferens; forms on the superior and posterolateral surface of the testis
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| What three regions can the epididymis be divided into? | show 🗑
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| show | transports sperm to the ejaculatory duct; sperm enters the vas deferens during ejaculation; travels through the superficial inguinal ring to the deep inguinal ring and into the abdomen
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| Where in the spermatic cord does the vas deferens run through? | show 🗑
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| show | Testicular artery, artery of the ductus deferens, cremasteric artery
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| Describe the origin, area supplied, and path of the testicular artery | show 🗑
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| Describe the origin, area supplied, and path of the artery of the ductus deferens | show 🗑
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| show | From the inferior epigastric artery; supplies cremasteric muscle and other coverings of the cord
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| * What is the PAMPINIFORM PLEXUS? Where does it drain? | show 🗑
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| show | Ilioinguinal nerve (skin of scrotum/labia major); sympathetic fibers on arteries; sympathetic and parasympathetic via ductus deferens; genitofemoral nerve (cremaster and skin of scrotum/labia)
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| show | The lumbar nodes; they pass through the spermatic cord
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