AICP 2011 Timeline of American Planning History prior to 1900
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| William Penn lays out the City of Philadelphia in a grid pattern with five public squares to serve the populace in his “holy experiment” | show 🗑
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| Provided for the rectangular land survey of the Old Northwest.The rectangular survey has been called "the largest single act of national planning in our history and the most significant in terms of continuing impact on the body politic" (Daniel Elazar). | show 🗑
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| Alexander Hamilton argues for protective tariffs for manufacturing industry as a means of promoting industrial development in the young republic. | show 🗑
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| In a speech before Congress, Henry Clay proposes a plan to allocate federal funds to promote the development of the national economy by combining tariffs with internal improvements, such as roads, canals and other waterways. | show 🗑
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| This artificial waterway connected the northeastern states with the newly settled areas of what was then the West, facilitating the economic development of both regions. | show 🗑
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| show | National Road 1839
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| show | New York 1855
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| Opened the lands of the Public Domain to settlers for a nominal fee and five years residence. | show 🗑
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| Congress authorizes land grants from the Public Domain to the states. Proceeds from the sale were to be used to found colleges offering instruction in agriculture, engineering, and other practical arts. | show 🗑
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| show | New York Council of Hygiene of the Citizens Association 1864
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| Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux begin the planning of a planned suburban community stressing rural as opposed to urban amenities. | show 🗑
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| The Union Pacific and the Central Pacific railroads meet at Promontory Point, Utah, on May 10. | show 🗑
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| show | Report on the Lands of the Arid Region of the United States 1878
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| In this influential book Henry George presents an argument for diminishing extremes of national wealth and poverty by means of a single tax (on land) that would capture the "unearned increment" of national development for public uses. | show 🗑
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| A form of multifamily housing widely built in New York until the end of the century and notorious for the poor living conditions it imposed on its denizens (lack of light, air, space). | show 🗑
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| Established to survey and classify all Public Domain lands. | show 🗑
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| Model industrial town built by George Pullman. | show 🗑
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| show | Mugler v. Kansas 1887
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| show | How the Other Half Lives 1890
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| gave President power to create forest preserves by proclamation. | show 🗑
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| founded to promote the protection and preservation of the natural environment. John Muir, Scottish-American naturalist, and a major figure in the history of American environmentalism, was the leading founder. | show 🗑
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| In Chicago, commemorating the 400th anniversary of the discovery of the New World. A source of the City Beautiful Movement and of the urban planning profession. | show 🗑
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| The first significant legal case concerning historic preservation. The U.S. Supreme Court rules that the acquisition of the national battlefield at Gettysburg served a valid public purpose. | show 🗑
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| show | Forest Management Act 1897
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| Written by Ebenezer Howard; a source of the Garden City Movement. Reissued in 1902 as Garden Cities of Tomorrow. | show 🗑
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| Becomes Chief Forester of the United States in the Department of Agriculture. From this position he publicizes the cause of forest conservation. | show 🗑
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