Ch. 18 : The Heart
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| circuit which takes blood to and from the lungs | pulmonary circuit
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| circuit in which vessels transport blood to and from the body tissues | systemic circuit
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| part of the heart which receives blood from the pulmonary and systemic circuits | atria
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| part of heart which function as the pumping chambers for the pulmonary and systemic circuits | ventricles
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| where is the opening for the coronary sinus? | the right atrium
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| covering of the heart | pericardium
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| external layer of the pericardium | fibrous pericardium
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| how many layers form the serous pericardium? | 2
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| what is the outer layer of the serous pericardium? | parietal pericardium
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| what is the inner layer of the serous pericardium? | visceral pericardium
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| another name for the visceral pericardium | epicardium
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| the heart wall is comprised of how many layers? | 3
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| the external layer of the heart wall | epicardium
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| the epicardium is also known as | visceral pericardium
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| middles layer of the heart wall, consisting of cardiac muscle tissue | myocardium
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| inner layer of the heart wall, forms the heart valves | endocardium
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| referred to as internal divisions between the right atrium and left atrium, and right ventricle from left ventricle | septa
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| an external groove that marks the division between the atria and ventricles | coronary sulcus
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| external grooves that mark the division between the ventricles on both the anterior and posterior side of the heart | anterior and posterior interventricular sulcus
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| the receiving chamber for oxygen-poor blood from the systemic circuit | right atrium
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| the superior vena cava is formed in the | right atrium
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| receives oxygen-poor blood draining superior to the diaphragm | superior vena cava
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| the inferior vena cava is formed in the | right atrium
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| receives oxygen-poor blood draining inferior to the diaphragm | inferior vena cava
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| receives oxygen-poor blood draining from the walls of the heart itself | coronary sinus
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| remnant of a fetal circulatory structure | fossa ovalis
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| where is the fossa ovalis found? | right atrium
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| valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle (2 names) | tricuspid valve, right AV valve
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| the pumping chamber for the pulmonary circuit | right ventricle
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| vessel leaving the right ventricle, pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs | pulmonary trunk
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| cone-shaped muscles projecting from the ventricular wall | papillary muscles
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| thin strong bands attached to the papillary muscles and the flaps of the tricuspid valve, help prevent backflow of blood from right atrium to right ventricle | chordae tendinae
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| where are the chordae tendinae and papillary muscles located? | the ventricles
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| valve located at the base of the pulmonary trunk | pulmonary semilunar valve
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| receiving chamber for oxygen-rich blood | left atrium
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| receives oxygen-rich blood returning from the right lung | 2 right pulmonary veins
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| recevies oxygen-rich blood returning from the left lung | 2 left pulmonary veins
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| the four pulmonary veins empty into | left atrium
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| located between the left atrium and left ventricle (3 names) | bicuspid valve, mitral valve, left AV valve
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| pumping chamber for the systemic circuit | left ventricle
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| vessel which leaves the left ventricle | aorta
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| valve located at the base of the aorta | aortic semilunar valve
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| at rest, the heart beats how many times per minute | 70-80 beats
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| which has thicker walls, atria or ventricles? | ventricles
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| which ventricle has walls 3 times thicker than the other? | the left ventricle
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| this system sets the heart's intrinsic heart rate | conducting system
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| the "internal pacemaker" of our heart | sinoatrial node
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| the sinoatrial node is located | right atrium
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| these autonomic nervous system fibers slow the heart rate | parasympathetic
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| these autonomic nervous system fibers increase the heart rate | sympathetic
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| these two arteries supply blood to the heart itself | left and right coronary arteries
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| this structure drains the blood supply from the walls of the heart | coronary sinus
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| c-like structures marking the opening of the vessels in the right atrium | crista terminalis
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