Women throughout European History
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| The Origin of Species | In The Origin of Species, Charles Darwin suggested that female selection secures traits that make the next generation more competitive.
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| Darwin's Views of Women | Darwin believed women were important and provided many advantages to men in marriage including having a constant companion.
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| Feminism | Movements aimed at defining, establishing and defending equal political, economic, and social rights and equal opportunities for women.
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| Anti-Feminism | The opposition to feminism in some or all of its forms. The beggining of the movement was sparked by the opposition to women's suffrage.
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| T.H. Huxley | An English biologist, known as "Darwin's Bulldog" for his advocacy of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. Excluded women from scientific meetings and discussions. Clsimed to have scientific evidence of the inferiority of women to men.
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| Karl Vogt | A German scientist who emigrated to Switzerland. Vogt published a number of notable works on zoology, geology and physiology. Supported Darwin's theory of evolution. Held similar views to Huxley's involving women.
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| Descent of Man | a book on evolutionary theory by English naturalist Charles Darwin, first published in 1871. It was Darwin's second book on evolutionary theory, following his 1859 work, On The Origin of Species.
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| Karen Horney | Was a German psychoanalyst and psychiatrist. Her theories questioned some traditional Freudian views, particularly his theory of sexuality, as well as the instinct orientation of psychoanalysis and its genetic psychology.
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| Melanie Klein | Was an Austrian-born British psychoanalyst who devised novel therapeutic techniques for children that had a significant impact on child psychology and contemporary psychoanalysis.
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| Auguste Comte | Was a French philosopher, a founder of the discipline of sociology and of the doctrine of positivism. He may be regarded as the first philosopher of science in the modern sense of the term.
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| Herbert Spencer | Was an English philosopher, biologist, sociologist, and prominent classical liberal political theorist of the Victorian era.
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| Emile Durkheim | Was a French sociologist. He formally established the academic discipline and, with Karl Marx and Max Weber, is commonly cited as the principal architect of modern social science.
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| Max Weber | Was a German sociologist and political economist, who profoundly influenced social theory, social research, and the discipline of sociology itself.
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| Prostitution | The act or practice of providing sexual services to another person in return for payment.
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| Contagious Diseases Act | Originally passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in 1864, with further alterations and editions made to it in 1867 and 1869.
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| The Ladies Association for the Repeal of the Contagious Diseases Act | Established in 1869 by Elizabeth Wolstenholme and Josephine Butler in response to the Contagious Diseases Acts that were passed by UK Parliament in 1864.
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| Misogyny | The hatred of women.
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| Josephine Butler | Was a Victorian era British feminist who was especially concerned with the welfare of prostitutes. She led the long campaign for the repeal of the Contagious Diseases Acts both in Britain and internationally from 1869 to 1886.
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| General Austrian Women's Association | This organization campaigned for the improvement of proletarian women's lives. It was the most radical of the feminist organizations in Austria at that time.
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| Auguste Fickert | Auguste Fickert co-founded the Allgemeiner Österreichischer Frauenverein (General Austrian Women's Association) in 1893.
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| Sigmund Freud | Was an Austrian neurologist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychiatry.
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| The Mother's Protection League | Contended that both married and unmarried mothers required the help of the state, including leaves for pregnancy and child care.
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| Ellen Key | was a Swedish feminist writer on many subjects in the fields of family life, ethics and education and was an important figure in the modern breakthrough. Was a suffragist.
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| The Century of the Child | Best known novel by Ellen Key.
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| The Renaissance of Motherhood | A novel by Ellen Key. Discusses motherhood and the "renaissance" it underwent into modern times.
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| Marie Stopes | Was a campaigner for women's rights and pioneer in the field of birth control. Stopes edited the newsletter Birth Control News which gave anatomically explicit advice.
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| A Room of One's Own | An extended essay by Virginia Woolf. First published on 24 October 1929, the essay was based on a series of lectures she delivered at Newnham College and Girton College, two women's, in October 1928. Seen as a feminist text.
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| Virginia Woolf | Was an English author, essayist, publisher, and writer of short stories, regarded as one of the foremost modernist literary figures of the twentieth century.
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| Suffragettes/Suffragists | A term originally coined by the Daily Mail newspaper as a derogatory label for members of the late-19th and early-20th century movement for women's suffrage in the United Kingdom.
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| Women's Social and Political Union | Was the leading militant organization campaigning for Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom. It was also the first group whose members were known as "suffragettes".
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