Ancient Rome Vocab
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| type of government in which citizens who ave the right to vote select their leaders;the elected leaders rule in the name of the people | republic
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| member of a wealthy,upper-class family in the ancient Roman Republic | patrician
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| an ordinary citizen in the acient Roman Republic | plebian
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| one of two officials who led the ancient Roman Republic | consul
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| the Latin word for "forbid";the rejection of a bill by the President or of any planned action or rule by a person in power | veto
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| a person in the acient Roman Republic appionted to rule for six months in times of emergency,with powers of a king | dictator
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| twin brothers;according to legend, founded Rome in 753 B.C. | Romulus and Remus
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| ancient people who lived in Etruria in Italy from at least 650 b.c. to about 500 b.c.;lived before the romans and influenced their culture | Etruscans
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| roman political and military leader;became dictator for life in 44 b.c. greatly improved the roman government;was murdered by roman senators because of his great power | Julius caesar
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| julius caesar
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| •a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD | Italy
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| •an ancient city state on the north African coast near modern Tunis; founded by Phoenicians; destroyed and rebuilt by Romans; razed by Arabs in 697 | Carthage
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| •an ancient region of western Europe that included what is now northern Italy and France and Belgium and part of Germany and the Netherlands | Gaul
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| a unit of an empire;the provinces of the roman empire each had a governor supported by an army | province
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| structure used to carry water over long distances | aqueduct
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| first roman emperor;ruled after julius caesar's death in 44 b.c. until his own death | Augustus
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| •a republic in southeastern Europe on the southern part of the Balkan peninsula; known for grapes and olives and olive oil •ancient Greece; a country of city-states (especially Athens and Sparta) that reached its peak in the fifth century BCE | Greece
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| emperor of rome from a.d.117 to 138;one of rome's greatest emperor;worked to unify the empire | Hadrian
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| The Colosseum , originally the Flavian Amphitheatre , is an elliptical amphitheatre in the center of the city of Rome, Italy, the largest ever built in the Roman Empire | colosseum
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| 1.An officer of ancient Rome elected by the plebeians to protect their rights from arbitrary acts of the patrician magistrates | tribune
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| Twelve Tables, early code of Roman law.The tables were supposedly written in response to the plebeians' protest that the patrician judges were able to discriminate against them with impunity because the principles governing legal disputes were known only | laws of the twelve tablets
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| •The Legislative Assemblies of the Roman Republic were political institutions in the ancient Roman Republic | roman assembly
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| •The Roman Senate was a political institution in ancient Rome. It was one of the most enduring institutions in Roman history, being founded in the first days of the city (traditionally founded in 753 BC) | roman senate
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| •the Roman peace; the long period of peace enforced on states in the Roman Empire | pax romana
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| a ruler of widespread lands | emperor
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| first roman emperor;ruled after julius Caesar's death in 44 b.c. until his own death | augustus caesar
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| •ancient city to the southeast of Naples that was buried by a volcanic eruption from Vesuvius | pompeii
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| •Herculaneum (in modern Italian Ercolano) is the ruins of an ancient Roman town destroyed by volcanic pyroclastic flows in 79 AD, located in the territory of the current commune of Ercolano, Italy. | herculaneum
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| •Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (26 April 121 – 17 March 180) was Roman emperor from 161 to his death in 180. He ruled with Lucius Verus as co-emperor from 161 until Lucius' death in 169 | marcus aurelius
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| •Roman Emperor and adoptive son of Nerva; extended the Roman Empire to the east and conducted an extensive program of building (53-117 | trajan
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| •Roman Emperor notorious for his monstrous vice and fantastic luxury (was said to have started a fire that destroyed much of Rome in 64) but the Roman Empire remained prosperous during his rule (37-68) | nero
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| •son-in-law of Augustus who became a suspicious tyrannical Emperor of Rome after a brilliant military career (42 BC to AD 37) | tiberius
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| •Roman Emperor who succeeded Tiberius and whose uncontrolled passions resulted in manifest insanity; noted for his cruelty and tyranny; was assassinated (12-41) | caligula
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| •Emperor of Rome who stopped the persecution of Christians and in 324 made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire; in 330 he moved his capital from Rome to Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople (280-337) | constantine
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| •The Punic Wars are a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage from 264 to 146 BC. At the time, they were probably the largest wars that had ever taken place | punic wars
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| •(72BC - 46BC), chieftain of the Arverni, leader of the great Gallic revolt against the Romans in 53-52 BC | vercengetorix
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| •Attila: king of the Huns; the most successful barbarian invader of the Roman Empire (406-453) | attila the hun
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| •Roman general and statesman who quarrelled with Caesar and fled to Egypt where he was murdered (106-48 BC) | pompey
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| •Marcus Licinius Crassus (Latin: M·LICINIVS·P·F·P·N·CRASSVS) (ca. 115 BC - 53 BC) was a Roman general and politician who commanded Sulla's army's left wing at the Battle of the Colline Gate, suppressed the slave revolt led by Spartacus and entered into a | crassus
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| •a general and progressive increase in prices; "in inflation everything gets more valuable except money" | inflation
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| a major river in italy; rome is built on its banks | tiber river
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| •Gladius is a Latin word for sword. Early ancient Roman swords were similar to those used by the Greeks. From the 3rd century BC, the Romans adopted swords similar to those used by the Celtiberians and others during the early part of the conquest of Hispa | gladius
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| scutum
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| ballista
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| triumvirate
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| paul
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| judea
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| pontius pilate
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| catacombs
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| diocletian
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| cohort
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| pilum
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| pliny
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| virgil
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| cicero
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| livy
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| seneca
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| cassis
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| lorica segmentata
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| catapault
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| groma
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| miliarium
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| "beware the ides of march"
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| cleopatra
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| roman legion
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| praetorian guard
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| centurion
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| crossing the rubicon
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| assassinate
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| "et tu brute"
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| scipio africanus
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| appian way
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| colosseum
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| pantheon
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| oculus
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| gladiators
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| circus maximus
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| cuniculus
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| roman forum
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| palantine hills
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| fasces
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| S.P.Q.R
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| mercenary
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| baths of caracalla
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| londinium
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| tyrrhenian sea
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| adriatic sea
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| alps
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| apennine mountains
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| christianity
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| martyr
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| epistle
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| toga
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| celts
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| britain
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| helvetia
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| denarii
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| visigoths
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| ostrogoths
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| vandals
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| spartacus
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| martial
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| rubicon river
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| germania
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| messiah
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| disciple
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| gospel
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| •capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire | Rome
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