momentum, machines, radioactive decay
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| momentum | measure of a moving object's tendency to continue along its present path; always conserved in isolated system; is a vector
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| momentum equals | p = mv
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| elastic collision | collisions where mechanical energy is conserved
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| inelastic collision | when colliding objects lose some of their mechanical energy to internal energy
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| impulse | change in momentum (J), shows that if time over which force is increased, the same change in velocity can be achieve w/ lower force
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| impulse eqn | J = delta(p) = Favg*delta(t) where t is time
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| machines | mechanical devices that reduce force when doing work, ex: ramp. lever, and pulley
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| ramp | inclined plane, reduces force required to move object to height of h bc force req'd is only mgsin(theta) as opposed to mg
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| lever | based on principle of torque where increasing lever arm reduces force req'd
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| pulley | allow force to act over greater distance and do the same amt of work **remember that T is the same at every pt in the rope
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| half life | length of time necessary for 1/2 of a given amount of a substance to decay
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| alpha decay | helium nucleus (2 protons + 2 neutrons)
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| beta decay | expulsion of electron
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| positron emission | emission of positron (proton transformed into neutron)
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| electron capture | capture of electron along with merging of e' with proton to create a neutron
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| gamma ray | high frequency photon, no charge and does not change identity of atom of which it is given off
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| rest mass energy | E = m*c^2 = latent energy w/in mass of object
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| mass defect | the difference in masses of the nucleons before forming the nucleus and the measured mass of the nucleus - this mass is plugged into E=mc^2 to find binding energy
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| fusion | combining of two nuclei to for single heavier nucleus
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| fission | splitting of single nucleus to form 2 lighter nuclei
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Created by:
miniangel918
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