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EK Physics 4

momentum, machines, radioactive decay

QuestionAnswer
momentum measure of a moving object's tendency to continue along its present path; always conserved in isolated system; is a vector
momentum equals p = mv
elastic collision collisions where mechanical energy is conserved
inelastic collision when colliding objects lose some of their mechanical energy to internal energy
impulse change in momentum (J), shows that if time over which force is increased, the same change in velocity can be achieve w/ lower force
impulse eqn J = delta(p) = Favg*delta(t) where t is time
machines mechanical devices that reduce force when doing work, ex: ramp. lever, and pulley
ramp inclined plane, reduces force required to move object to height of h bc force req'd is only mgsin(theta) as opposed to mg
lever based on principle of torque where increasing lever arm reduces force req'd
pulley allow force to act over greater distance and do the same amt of work **remember that T is the same at every pt in the rope
half life length of time necessary for 1/2 of a given amount of a substance to decay
alpha decay helium nucleus (2 protons + 2 neutrons)
beta decay expulsion of electron
positron emission emission of positron (proton transformed into neutron)
electron capture capture of electron along with merging of e' with proton to create a neutron
gamma ray high frequency photon, no charge and does not change identity of atom of which it is given off
rest mass energy E = m*c^2 = latent energy w/in mass of object
mass defect the difference in masses of the nucleons before forming the nucleus and the measured mass of the nucleus - this mass is plugged into E=mc^2 to find binding energy
fusion combining of two nuclei to for single heavier nucleus
fission splitting of single nucleus to form 2 lighter nuclei
Created by: miniangel918
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