Urinary System 2
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| Location of the ureters | extend from the renal pelviis to the bladder (about 10 inches), retroperitoneal
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| Structure of the ureters | mucosa (transitional epithelium, secretes a protective mucous), submucosa layer, muscularis layer (smooth muscle, peristatic waves help move urine, fibrous CT coat)
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| Location of the urinary bladder | posterior to pubic bone and pubic symphysis, anterior to the rectum, inferior to peritoneum
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| extent of the bladder when empty | lies within the pelvic cavity
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| extent of the bladder when full | lies in pelvis and extends into the abdomen, may reach the level of the umbilicus
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| What is the bladder wall composed of? | (4 layers) mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa
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| Muscosal layer of the bladder | innermost layer, contains folds (rugae)which allows the bladder to stretch and expand, lined with transitional epithelium
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| Submucosal layer of the bladder | supports mucosa, contains nerves and blood vessels
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| Muscularis layer of the bladder | smooth muscle and detrusor muscle (found only in the urinary bladder)
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| What makes up the serosa layer? | connective tissue
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| Function of the bladder | storage of urine, contracts to expel urine
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| Location of the urethra | begins at the neck kof the bladder, ends at the urethral orifice
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| Structure of the female urethra | (serves urinary system only) approximately 3 cm long (very short-more likely to get UTI, the urethral orifice is located between the labii minor and anterior to the vaginal orifice
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| Structure of the male urethra | (serves urinary and reproductive system) aprroximately 20 cm long, urethral orifice is located at the end of the penis
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| Regions of the male urethra | prostatic, membranous, penile
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| Prostatic urethra | passes through the prostate, recieves secretions from prostate and ejaculatory duct
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| Membranous urethra | passes through the urogential diaphragm, curves a bit in this area (be careful with a cathetor)
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| Penile Urethra | located within the penis, ends at the urethral orifice
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| What are the two sphincters for the urethra? | internal and external urethral sphincter
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| Internal urethral sphinctor | involuntary, smooth muscle
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| external urethral sphinctor | voluntary, skeletal muscle
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| Micturation | (urination) reflex that epels urine from the urinary bladder. involves a combination of involutary and voluntary responses.
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Created by:
Kachmiel
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