Greek
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Abacus | on a classical column, the stone set directly over the capital
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| Acanthus | a plant used as a model for decoration on Corinthian and Composite capitals
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| Acropolis | literally "high city." In Greek city-states, the acropolis was the location of the most important temples and religious shrines
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| Acroterion (acroterium, acroteria) | an upright ornament placed at the apex and eaves of gabled roofs in Greek architecture
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| Agora | In Greek cities, the term applied to the area of markets and city government
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| Anathyrosis | recessed part of a stone that was to be place against another stone to keep it from sliding
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| Anta (p=atae) | A pilaster-like thickening of the wall edge or jamb of a wall opening that responds to an adjacent column
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| Architrave (or epistyle) | in classical architecture, the bottom portion of an entablature
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| Ashalr masonry | smooth stone masonry laid so that the joints are visible
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| Captial | in classical architecture the termination of a column, generally given decorative carving.
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| Caryatid | a pier carved in the form of a standing woman and used in place of a column
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| Calla (or naos) | the shrine room in the center of a temple
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| Choragic monument | large, freestanding pedestal that formed the display base for an athletic or choral prize won at an ancient Greek festival.
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| Chryselephantine | overlaid with ivory and gold
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| Clamp | a brace, band, or clasp used for strengthening or holding things together
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| Classical period | c.480-323BC period of greek architecture
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| Column inclination | sloping column usually for optical purposes
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| Corinthian | The order that features acanthus-leaf capitals atop a fluted shaft
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| Cornice (or geison) | The uppermost element of an entablature, which projects beyond the plane of the exterior wall; more generally, the overhanging molding atop any building
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| Dentils | a type of cornice molding composed of rectangular blocks set in a row like teeth; hence the name
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| Doric | The Greek order that has a fluted shaft, no base, and an echinus molding supporting the abacus. Roman Doric columns have a base.
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| Doric frieze | the horizontal element above the architrave and below the cornice in an entablature with metope
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| Dowel | a peg of wood, metal, or plastic without a distinct head, used for holding together components of a structure
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| Echinus | The curved cushion-like molding that, together with the abacus, forms the capital in the Doric order
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| Engaged columns | columns that are integrated into the wall half way
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| Entablature | in classical architecture, the horizontal elements supported by columns, consisting (in ascending sequence) of the architrave, frieze, and cornice
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| Entasis | The slight outward curve of a column, which then tapers toward the top of the shaft
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| Epistyle (or architrave) | in classical architecture, the bottom portion of an entablature
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| Flute | Vertical grooves incised in the shaft of a classical column
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| Frieze | the horizontal element above the architrave and below the cornice in an entablature
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| Geison (or cornice) | the uppermost element of an entablature, which projects beyond the plane of the exterior wall; more generally, the overhanging molding atop any building
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| Grid plan | a type of city plan in which streets run at right angles to each other, forming a grid. In the context of the culture of Ancient Greece, the grid plan is called Hippodamian plan.
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| Hellenistic period | 323-31BC period of Greek architecture
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| Hippodamos | an ancient Greek architect and urban planner is considered to be the “father” of urban planning, the namesake of Hippodamian plan of city layouts (grid plan).
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| Hypaethral | an ancient temple with no roof.
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| Iktinos (Ictinus) | architect of the Partheon
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| in antis columns | columns in the plane of a wall and often between antae
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| Ionic | the order that features volutes in the capital; the shaft is usually fluted
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| Ionic frieze | continuous frieze
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| Kallikrates | architect of the Partheon
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| Lionhead waterspout | a waterspout of roofs in the shape of a lionhead
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| Metope | an element of the Doric frieze, set alternately with triglyphs. panels contain low-relief carvings.
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| Miletos (Miletus) | an ancient city of the Ionian Greeks in the southwestern Asian Minor. a powerful port.
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| Mnesikles | an ancient Athenian architect of the Propylaea, the Periclean gateway to the Athenian Acropolis.
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| Opisthodomos | the room present at the rear of some ancient Greek temples. It was located behind the naos.
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| Orchestra | in a greek theater, the circular floor used ofr dancing
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| Panathenaic procession | procession to the Acropolis during the Panathenaic festival
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| Pediment | The gable end of a temple, framed by cornices
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| Pergamene capital | a typle of unique capital with almost elongated flutes at the top
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| Pediment | the gable end of a temple, framed by cornices
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| Pergamon (Pergamum) | an ancient Greek city in modern-day Turkey, in Mysia
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| Perikles | commissioner of the Partheon
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| peripteral temple plan | temple with columns all around it
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| Pheidias (Phidias) | a Greek sculptor, painter and architect who made the statue of Athena in the Partheon
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| Post and lintel | a simple architrave where a horizontal member (the lintel—or header) is supported by two vertical posts at either end.
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| Pronaos | the vestibule or antechamber to the shrine room (naos) of a Greek temple
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| Proskenion | the area directly in front of the skene in the ancient Greek theater
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| Prostyle columns (or prostyle plan) | a portico of columns on the front of a building
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| Sima | a material rick and dense in silica and magnesia
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| Skene | the background building which connected the platform stage, in which costumes were stored and to which the periaktoi (painted panels serving as the background) were connected.
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| Stoa | in greek architecture, a linear building with one or more rows of columns. Stoas could be used for shops, meetings, or exhibitions
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| Stylobate | the base, usually having steps, on which a colonnaded temple sits
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| Stylobate curvature | curving stylobate for an optical effect
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| Theatron | where the audience of a Greek tragedy sat to view the performance.
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| Tholos | A dome over a circular-plan building, or more generally the building itself
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| Triglyph | a channeled block set between metopes in a Doric frieze
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| Vitruvius | a Roman architect
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| Volute | a decorative spiral found in Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite capitals
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Created by:
MarieB
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