Skin
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| M: What does ABCD mean in reference to the skin? | Asymmetry; Border; Color; Diameter
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| EPI: The outermost layer of the epidermis is... | Stratum Corneum
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| AS: What is the importance of accessory structures in a third degree burn? | It provides protection and the skin grows faster from the inside out.
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| EPI: This layer of the epidermis is seen only in thick skin. | Stratum Lucidum
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| SC: Differences in skin color are due primarily to... | The amount of melanin produced; we all have the same amount of melanocytes but not melanin
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| AS: Sebaceous glands produce... | Oil a.k.a Sebum
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| D: What are three things found in the dermis? | Nerves, Sweat glands, hair follicles, muscles, dermis, epidermis, subcutaneous, blood vessels
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| D: This is a part of the dermis that creates fingerprints... | Dermal papillae
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| SC: ____ is a bluish cast of the skin due to a lack of oxygen in the blood. | Cyanosis
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| M: What type of cancer grows rapidly, metastasizes, and is the worst kind of cancer to have? | Melanoma
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| EPI: The layer of skin from which new epidermal cells come from? | Stratum Basale
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| SC: The most common skin cancers are... | Basale Cell Carcinomas
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| D: The blood vessels that nourish the hair follicles are located where? | Hair Papillae
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| AS: The main function of an eccrine sweat gland is to... | Regulate body temperature
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| M: The waterproofing protein found in epidermal cells is called... | Keratin
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| M: Which is most superficial: a. basal b. lucidum c. hypodermis d. corneum | Corneum
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| EPI: This is the deepest layer of the epidermis where cell growth and division happens. | Stratum Basale
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| SC: The pinkish red color of lighter colored people caused by something in the blood is caused by what? | Hemoglobin
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| D: Sebaceous glands usually secrete their product where? | Into and around the hair follicle.
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| AS: What is the more common type of sweat gland? | Eccrine
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| D: What type of tissue is the dermis made up of? | Connective Tissue
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| EPI: Nourishment to the cells and epidermis are provided by: a. b.v. s.b b. keratinocytes c. papillae | Papillae
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| M: The epidermis is made up of what kind of tissue? | Stratified Squamous Epithelial
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| AS: Contraction of a smooth muscle of what causes the hair follicle to be pulled. | Erector Pilli
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| Absorption of UV rays is primarily the cause of the production of what? | Melanin
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| Why a 2nd degree burn hurts more than a 3rd. Burnt on back of head and torso, both sides of both legs: percentage burned? | Nerves are burnt; 58.5%
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| What are the three layers of the skin? | Epidermis, Dermis, and Subcutaneous
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| What are the functions of the skin? | Helps maintain homeostasis, protection, retards water loss by diffusion, regulates body temperature
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| From superficial to deep, what are the five layers of the epidermis? | Stratum Corneum, Stratum Lucidum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Basale
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| What forms with frequent pressure? | Calluses and corns
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| Where do the melanocytes reside? | Stratum Basale
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| This layer of the epidermis is only present in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. | Stratum Lucidum
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| What 2 things cause the cells of the epidermis to die? | The lack of nourishment as cells are pushed further from the the deeper layers of the skin; keratinization
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| What is the area of growth in a nail called? | Lunula at the base of the nail plate
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| What are the two types of glands in the skin? | Eccrine and Apocrine
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| How do eccrine and apocrine glands differ? | Eccrine:
-most numerous
-respond to body temp changes
-sweat (forehead, neck, and back)
Apocrine:
-develop a scent by skin bacteria
-become active at puberty
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| What is the function of sebaceous glands? | Keep hair soft, pliable, waterproof
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| Name 2 sweat glands that do not produce sweat. | Ceruminous glands (earwax), Mammary glands (milk)
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| What are 3 ways the body can lose heat? | Physics answer, simple answer??
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| Why is a hot, humid day dangerous? | UV rays??
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| What are 3 factors that affect your skin color? | Genetics, amount of melanin produced, amount of time spent in the sun/tanning beds
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| What are the 3 most common types of skin cancer? | Basale Carcinoma, Melanoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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| What are things you should look for when examining your skin? | Your ABCD's
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| Describe what happens when a deep cut heals. | Granulations appear in the open wound, consisting of a new branch of a blood vessel, which is absorbed and leaves a scar.
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| Describe the 3 types of burns. | 1st Degree:
-injures only the epidermis
-no scarring
2nd Degree:
-some epidermis and underlying dermis
-blisters
3rd Degree:
-destroys epidermis, dermis, and accessory structures
-usually healed by skingrafts
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| What is the rule of nines? | Head (both F/B): 9%
Upper Extremities (both F/B): 18%
Torso (both F/B): 36%
Legs (both F/B): 36%
Peritoneum: 1%
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