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Musculoskeletal & Connective Tissue

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Question
Answer
what ligaments are involved in the unhappy triad?   damage to MCL, medial meniscus, and ACL  
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which muscles form the rotator cuff?   SItS: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis  
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describe the actions of the muscles in the rotator cuff?   SUPRASPINATUS: helps deltoid abduct arm; INFRASPINATUS: laterally rotates arm; TERES MINOR: adducts and laterally rotates arm; SUBSCAPULARIS: medially rotates and adducts arm  
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Which muscle(s) of the rotator cuff helps the deltoid abduct the arm?   supraspinatus  
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which muscle(s) of the rotator cuff laterally rotates the arm?   infraspinatus, teres minor  
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which muscle(s) of the rotator cuff adducts the arm?   teres minor, subscapularis  
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When contraction of muscle fibers occurs, which bands shrink (contract)? Which band stays constant throughout the entire cycle?   HIZ bands; A band  
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When the action potential reaches the postsynaptic muscle cell, the T tubules are depolarized. What receptor detects this in the T tubule membrane, and what receptor is it located next to?   dihydropyridine receptor (voltage sensing Ca2+ channel portein) lies in the T-tub mem next to a RYANODINE receptor, which lies in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.  
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Achondroplasia is an ________ trait. What problems does this cause, and what are the clinical manifestations?   autosomal dominant; failure of longitudinal bone growthh affecting the short limbs. Membranous ossification is not affected (skull, facial bones, axial not affected). Head and trunk are normal in size, but limbs are much shorter than normal.  
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In osteoarthritis, nodes on the fingers are called what in the DIP and PIP?   DIP (Heberden's nodes) PIP (Bouchard's nodes)  
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What are the systemic symtpoms of osteoarthritis?   there are none  
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