Axial Skeleton
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| form the upper lateral surfaces of the skull | parietal bone
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| inferior to the parietal bone; contains 2 processes | temporal bone
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| pointed structure on the temporal bone that protrudes inferiorly | styloid process
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| thicker projection on the temporal bone; located posterior and lateral to the styloid process and protrudes inferiorly | mastoid process
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| front of the skull; forms your forehead | frontal bone
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| posterior/inferior skull; contains 3 important structures | occipital bone
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| large oval opening within the occipital bone; allows the brainstem to connect with the spinal cord | foramen magnum
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| 2 oval facets on either side of the foramen magnum; articulate with the 1st cervical vertebra (the atlas) in the neck | occipital condyles
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| posterior protrusion from the occipital cone; can be felt as the "bump" on the back of head | external occipital protuberance
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| wide, butterfly-shaped bone that forms the central portion of the base of the skull; it ends bilaterally between the frontal & temporal bones | sphenoid bone
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| located anterior to the sphenoid bone and posterior to the maxilla; forms the upper part of the nasal septum, the roof of each nasal cavity, and a part of the lateral walls including the superior and middle nasal conchae | ethmoid bone
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| lies along a coronal plane that divides the frontal bone from the left and right parietal bones | coronal suture
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| inverted, v-shaped suture, separates the occipital bone from each of the parietal bones | lambdoid suture
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| oriented in a midsagittal plane, this suture extends from the frontal to the occipital bones; divides the L&R parietal bones | sagittal suture
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| runes anterior to posterior; fusion b/t the temporal & parietal bones (on L&R side of skull) | squamous suture
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| fuses centrally to form the upper jaw(the areas b/t the orbits & upper teeth) contributes to the orbit and hard palate; holds the upper teeth | maxilla
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| forms the anterior part of your cheekbone; extends to the maxilla anteriorly & temporal bone posteriorly | zygomatic bone
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| posterior part of the palate; fuses w/maxilla to form hard palate; arches laterally and superiorly to form the posterior portion of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity | palatine bone
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| this paired bone fuses anteriorly to form the bridge of the nose | nasal bone
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| small bone located in (and contributing to) the anterior & medial wall of the orbit; lies deep to portions of the tear duct | lacrimal bone
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| a small protruding bone found on the interior and lateral surfaces of each nasal cavity | inferior nasal concha
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| protrudes superiorly from the maxilla, forms the posterior/inferior portion of the nasal septum | vomer
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| lower jaw | mandible
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| posterior/superior process that articulates with the temporal bone bilaterally; forms the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) | condylar process of mandible
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| lies anterior to the condylar process and projects superiorly | coranoid process of mandible
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| isolated horse-shoe shaped bone that lies suspended in the neck & does NOT articulate w/any other bone | hyoid bone
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| largest thickest weight bearing portion of a vertebra, located anteriorly in the spine | vertebral body
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| arched structure posterior to the vertebral body | vertebral arch
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| extend bilaterally from the body to the transverse process | pedicle of vertebra
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| extend laterally from each pedicle | transverse process of vertebra
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| extends from the transverse process to the spinous process | lamina of vertebra
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| non-paired posterior projection of the vertebral arch | spinous process of vertebra
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| bilateral superior & inferior projections which articulate with the vertebra above and below | articular process of vertebra
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| located only in the cervical spine, a small circular opening in each transverse process | transverse foramen of cervical vertebrae
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| supports the skull; articulates w/occipital condyles; this vertebra does not have a body, only an anterior arch | C1/atlas
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| unique to this bone is the dens which articulates with the anterior arch of C1 | C2/axis
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| anterior projection of the first sacral vertebra | sacral promontory
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| continuation of the vertebral canal in the sacrum | sacral canal
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| 4 bilateral paired openings corresponding to the intervertebral foramina; open on both the anterior & posterior surfaces | sacral foramina
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| ending of the sacral canal | sacral hiatus
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| posterior projection running the length of the sacrum; corresponds to the spinous processes of other vertebrae | median sacral crest
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| bilateral portions of the sacrum, most easily appreciated from the superior view of the sacrum (wings) | ala (of the sacrum)
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| cartilaginous discs which lie in b/t each vertebral body but NOT b/t any fused vertebrae or C1 & C2 | intervertebral disk
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| passageway formed by the joining of articular processes of the vertebrae above & below one another; allow the peripheral or spinal nerves to exit the spinal canal | intervertebral foramen
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| breastplate; consists of 3 fused parts | sternum
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| upper triangular shaped portion of the sternum | manubrium
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| largest elongated portion of sternum | body of sternum
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| most inferior and smallest portion of sternum | xiphoid process
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| articulate posteriorly with the vertebral column & anteriorly DIRECTLY with the sternum | true ribs (#1-7) or vertebrosternal ribs
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| articulate posteriorly with the vertebral column & anteriorly with the ribs above by cartilagenous connection | false ribs (#8-12) or vertebrochondral ribs
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| ribs that don't articulate with anything anteriorly | floating ribs (#11 & 12)or vertebral ribs
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| most medial portion of rib; articulates with vertebrae (posterior to the shaft of the rib) | head of rib
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| narrows and extends laterally from the head; lies b/t the head & tubercle | neck of rib
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| "bump" @ junction of neck & shaft (or body)& articulates with the transverse process of the vertebra | tubercle of rib
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| extends from the tubercle laterally; curves laterally, then anteriorly & forms majority of length of rib | shaft of rib (or body of rib)
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| found deep to compact bone in various parts | spongy/trabecular bone
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Created by:
knewey44
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