CSET Science vocab
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| Absorbtion | A process through which organisms make nutrients available to cells.
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| Acceleration | the rate of change of an object's velocity
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| Acid | A solute that donates protons
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| Air pressure | the movement and collision of gas molecules in the atmosphere that can form into high-or low pressure areas.
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| Alleles | different versions of a gene in a population.
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| Angiosperms | flowering plants
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| Auxins | An important class of plant hormones associated with growth patterns.
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| Base | A solute that accepts protons
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| Binary fission | The reproductive mechanism of prokaryotes
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| Carbohydrates (saccharides) | biological molecules that have important roles in energy metabolism and storage as well as the structure of cells and organisms.
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| Central Nervous System | a system comprised of the brain and spinal cord in vertebrates that processes and stores information.
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| Charge | An excess or defieciency of electrons in a body
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| Circulatory system | A system for transporting nutrients and other essential materials throughout the body.
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| Classical genetics | the study of the patterns and mechanisms of the transmission of inherited traits from one generation to another.
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| Climate | long-term patterns of temperature, humidity and amount of sunshine
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| condensation | the process by which gas reverts back into the liquid phase
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| Crust | the outermost layer of the earth
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| Deposition | The process by which a gas changes directly to the solid phase
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| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | the genetic material that contains genes responsible for the physical traits observed in all living organisms.
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| Dynamics | The study of what causes motion
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| Ecosystem | A community and its abiotic environment
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| Electric current (direct, alternating) | the flow of a charge
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| Endocrine system | the network of glands and tissues that secrete hormones
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| Endoskeleton | A framework for the attachment of skeletal muscles in vertebrates that also protects vital organs.
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| Equinox | Calendar dates when the day and night are the same length
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| Eukaryotic cells | multicellular organisms whose cells contain organelles.
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| Evaporation (vaporization) | Process by which liquid changes into the gas phase
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| Exoskeleton | a hard external skeleton that covers all the muscles and organs of some invertebrates
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| External fertilization | the process of fertilization in vertebrates that reproduce in water.
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| Fault | weakened narrow zones in tectonic plates
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| Fertilization | the union of an egg nucleus with a sperm nucleus
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| Fitness | A quantitative measure of the ability to contribute alleles and traits to offspring.
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| Fixed-action pattern | A complex, coordinated behavioral response triggered by specific stimulation from the environment.
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| Food-chain | a simple linear relationship between a series of species, with on eating the other.
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| Food web | A depiction of the relationships within a community in which every population interacts with several other populations
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| force | the push or pull of an object.
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| Freezing (solidification, crystallization) | the process by which a liquid changes into a solid.
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| Galaxy | huge cluster or stars and nebulae
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| Gametes | sex cells produced through meiosis in males and females
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| Gene pool | the sum total of all alleles in a population
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| Genes | molecules that store and transfer genetic information
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| Genotype | an organism's genetic composition
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| gravity | an attractive force felt by all forms of matter
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| Gymnosperms | non-flowering plants
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| Haploid cells | gametes that, when joined, produce diploid offspring
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| Hormones | chemical messengers produced in one tissue and carried by the blood to act on other parts of the body.
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| Hypothesis | An explanation for one or more observations about the natural world.
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| Immune system | the body's system of protection against invasion by unwanted organisms
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| Maturation | the development of an embryo to an adult
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| Meiosis | a specialized form of eukaryotic cell division involving make and female gametes
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| melting (fusion) | the process by which a solid changes into a liquid
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| Minerals | naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solids
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| Mitosis | an asexual reproductive process of eukaryotic cells in which cells divide to form two daughter cells with the same genetic makeup as the parent cell
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| Nucleic acids | essential informational molecules found in all living things.
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| Organic compounds | chemicals that contain carbon; inorganic compounds do not contain carbon
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| Organs | large anatomical structures made from several tissues.
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| Orogenesis | the processes of maountain formation
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| Osmosis | the simple diffusion of water from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration.
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| ova | female gamete
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| Phenotype | the appearance and physical expression of genes in an organism.
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| Photosynthesis | the foundation of all ecosystems wherein plants generate their own energy from the energy of the sun
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| Population | a group of members of the same species found in a given environment at a given time
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| power | the rate at which work is done
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| Precipitation | Part of the water cycle that produces hail, mist, rain, sleet, or snow
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| Predation | the consumption of one organism by another
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| Prokaryotic cells | unicellular organisms with a simple cell structure
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| respiration | the bodily system used to transport oxygen to cells and rid the body of waste products like carbon dioxide
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| RNA (ribonucleic acid) | a polymer of nucleotides associated with the control of cellular chemical activities
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| Scientific method | the accepted method for testing scientific hypoteses.
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| Solstice | calendar dates when the days are longest or shortest
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| Solubility | the maximum amount of that substance that can be dissolved in a particular solvent at a particular temperature.
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| Solvent | in a solution, the substance that does the dissolving; what is dissolved is known as the solute.
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| Speciation | the creation of a new species
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| Species | a group of similar organisms that can produce viable offspring.
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| Spermatozoa | male gamete
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| Static friction | the force that must be overcome to set an object in motion.
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| Stratosphere | the layer of the atmosphere located above the troposphere in which most of the atmosphere's ozone is found.
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| Sublimation | the process by which a solid changes directly to the gas phrase
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| Symbiosis | a relationship between organisms in which they share an intimate, often permanent coexistence.
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| Taxonomy | the science of classifying and naming living things.
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| Tectonic plates | the thick slabs of rock that comprise the outer portion of Earth
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| Theory | a tested hypothesis
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| Thermoregulation | the maintenance of a particular temperature of the living body
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| Tide | the alternate rising and falling of the surface of the ocean caused by the gravitational attraction of the Sun and Moon occurring unequally on different parts of the Earth.
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| Tissues | specialized cells with a common function and similar form in multicellular organisms.
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| Troposphere | the layer of the atmosphere located closest to the Earth's surface in which weather occurs
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| Vegetative propagation | asexual reproductive process of many plants, including bulbs and tubers
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| Zygote | the diploid single cell offspring formed from the union of gametes.
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