The Lower Extremity
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh? | show 🗑
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| What are the 4 parts of the quadriceps femoris? | show 🗑
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| show | deep to the quadriceps
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| show | -pectineus
-gracilis
-adductor brevis
-adductor longus
-adductor magnus
-obturator externus
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| show | The stretching or tearing of the adductor longus and part of the adductor magnus muscles
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| show | Gluteus maximus, medius and minimus,
Piriformis, gemellus superior and inferior, obturator internus, and quadratus femoris
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| What is the iliotibial band? | show 🗑
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| show | Psoas major and Iliacus muscles
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| What is genu valgum? | show 🗑
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| What is genu varum? | show 🗑
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| What is chondromalacia patellae? | show 🗑
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| show | It is the breakdown of the articular cartilage along with the development of osteophytes. It leads to joint replacement.
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| Popliteal cysts have similar symptoms with what else? | show 🗑
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| show | medial meniscus, tibial collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament
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| show | They distribute the force of the femur over the condyles of the femur
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| What type of joint is the knee? | show 🗑
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| What are the motions allowed by the knee joint? | show 🗑
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| show | -articular capsule
-ligamentum patellae
-oblique popliteal
-arcuate popliteal
-tial collateral
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| show | fibular collateral
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| What are the two intracapsular ligaments of the knee? | show 🗑
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| What are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh? | show 🗑
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| show | a shallow acetabulum
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| show | degenerative joint disease (DJD)
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| If the artery in the ligamentum capitis femoris or arteries in the femoral neck are ruptured, what can happen? | show 🗑
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| show | ball and socket type of synovial joint and triaxial
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| what are the motions allowed by the hip joint? | show 🗑
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| show | -articular capsule
-iliofemoral
-ishiofemoral
-pubofemoral
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| What are the two intracapsular ligaments of the hip joint? | show 🗑
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| show | acetabular labrum or fibrocartilage
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| show | They give stability.
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| In what direction is patellar dislocation common? | show 🗑
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| show | medial and lateral facets
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| What type of bone is the patella? | show 🗑
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| show | medial and lateral condyles, medial and lateral epicondyles, patellar surface, intercondylar notch and the adductor tubercle
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| show | linea aspera, spiral line, gluteal tuberosity, and the medial and lateral supracondylar lines
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| show | head with fovea capitis femoris, neck, great and lesser trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and intertrochanteric crest
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| What is the angle of inclination? | show 🗑
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| What is coxa vara? | show 🗑
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| What is coxa valga? | show 🗑
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| show | It is a contusion of the iliac crest.
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| show | It is when the pelvis dips to the opposite side of weightbearing.
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| show | It is used to test the osseomuscular integrity of the hip joint.
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| What muscles make up the hamstrings? | show 🗑
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| Where does the hamstring originate? | show 🗑
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| Where are intragluteal injections done? | show 🗑
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| show | femoral artery and vein, profunda femoral artery and vein, and femoral nerve and its branches
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| show | left cardiac angiography
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| show | right cardiac angiography
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| What runs through the adductor canal? | show 🗑
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| What can the great saphenous veins be used for? | show 🗑
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| What is the gluteal region vasculized by? | show 🗑
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| show | They are branches of the internal iliac artery that leave the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen. They enter the gluteal region superior and inferior to the piriformis muscle
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| show | anterior, medial and posterior comparments of the thigh
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| show | within the femoral triangle close to a midinguinal point
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| show | -profunda femoral
-meidal and lateral femoral circumflex
-perforating arteries
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| What compartment does the obturator artery vascularize? | show 🗑
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| show | -sural
-genicular
-anterior and posterior tibial
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| What are the contents of the popliteal fossa? | show 🗑
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| show | Ventral rami of L1-L5, S1-S5 and Co1
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| The lumbar and sacral portions of the lumbosacral plexus innervate what? | show 🗑
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| The coccygeal portion of the lumbosacral plexus innervates what? | show 🗑
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| show | -lateral femoral cutaneous
-femoral
-oburator
-lumbosacral trunk
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| What are the branches of the femoral nerve? | show 🗑
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| What are the major branches of the sacral postion of the lumbosacral plexus? | show 🗑
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| show | tibial and common peroneal nerve
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| show | the tibial and common peroneal nerves
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| What are the branches of the tibial nerve? | show 🗑
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| What are the branches of the common peroneal nerve? | show 🗑
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| show | injury at nerve root
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| show | Superior, middle and inferior cluneal
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| The gluteus maximus, medius and minimus originate where? | show 🗑
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| What is the action of the piriformis, obturator internus, gemellus superior and inferior, and quadratus femoris? (all gluteal muscles except gluteus mm) | show 🗑
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| Where does the iliopsoas insert? | show 🗑
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| What is the action of the iliopsoas? | show 🗑
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| What is the action of all of the quadriceps femoris muscles? | show 🗑
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| What is the action of the tensor fascia lata? | show 🗑
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| What is the action of the Sartorius muscle? | show 🗑
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| show | It retracts the capsule of the knee joint during extension.
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| What is the innervation of the hamstrings? | show 🗑
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| What three muscles insert on the pes anserinus? | show 🗑
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| show | medial and lateral condyles, and the tibial tuberosity
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| What are the distal structures on the tibia? | show 🗑
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| What is the function of the fibula? | show 🗑
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| What is another name for the fibula's distal extremity? | show 🗑
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| What 3 parts make up the ankle? | show 🗑
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| What is the proximal structure of the fibula? | show 🗑
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| show | The right fibula's styloid process will point posterior. The articular facet for the talus will be seen anterior. The malleolar fossa will be posterior.
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| How do fractures of the fibula commonly occur? | show 🗑
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| What are the tibia and fibula connected by? | show 🗑
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| show | It is a synovial joint formed by the head of the fibula and the lateral condyle of the tibia.
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| How is the tibiofibular syndesmosis formed? | show 🗑
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| show | tibiofibular
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| show | septa that form the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartment of muscles
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| What is the deep transverse fascia? | show 🗑
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| show | There are no vessels or nerves.
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| All of the leg muscles except what muscle are extrinsic? | show 🗑
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| show | dorsiflexors
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| show | plantarflexors
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| show | dorisflexion of the foot for toe clearance during the swing phase and the prevention of foot slap at heel strike
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| show | -tibialis anterior
-extensor hallucis longus
-extensor digitorum longus
-peroneus (fibularis) tertius
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| What are the two lateral compartment leg muscles? | show 🗑
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| show | pronation (eversion) and plantarflexion of the foot
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| show | subtalar and midtarsal
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| What are the three muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg? | show 🗑
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| show | plantarflexion
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| What are the four muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the leg? | show 🗑
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| What is the primary function of the deep posterior leg muscles? | show 🗑
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| show | It unlocks the knee joint at the beginning of flexion. The unlocking is slight lateral rotation.
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| show | It means accompanying vein. Artery is accompanied by paired veins. There are cross connections as you go up. The pulse of the artery helps venous return.
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| show | The posterior tibial artery and tibial nerve are found here. You take the posterior tibia pulse here.
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| show | the posterior surface of the calcaneus via the tendo calcaneus
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| show | distal phalanges of the lesser digits
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| show |
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| show | deep peroneal (fibular) nerve
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| What is the innervation of lateral compartment of the leg muscles? | show 🗑
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| show | the tibial nerve
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| show | It is an increased pressure within the anterior compartment of the leg which compresses the nerve and vascular supply to the muscles. Loss of function of the anterior compartment muscles results in foot drop and loss of sensation in the first web space.
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| What are spin splints? | show 🗑
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| show | the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein
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| The leg is vascularized by what three arteries? | show 🗑
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| What is the path of the anterior tibial artery? | show 🗑
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| What does the posterior tibial artery divide into? | show 🗑
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Created by:
tzibern2
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