Mrs. Grieve's Top 250 APUSH Terms
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | joint stock company chartered to colonize North America between 34th and 45th parallels; Investors hoped to find gold, silver, northwest passage, cure for syphilis
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| show | Dysentery and typhoid fever (swampy area) Too many gentlemen and specialized craftsmen/not enough farmers Lack of leadership Caught in Indian wars
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| show | 1st legislative body in the colonies; in Virginia
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| Head-right system | show 🗑
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| show | granted freedom of worship to all Christians (but not Jews) in Maryland; 1st example of religious toleration in Americas
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| show | revolt of backcountry farmers in Virginia against Tidewater elite on coast who were hated because of power
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| Mayflower Compact | show 🗑
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| show | 1st constitution in colonies (1665)
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| Half-Way Covenant | show 🗑
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| show | William Penn and the Quakers
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| show | The purpose was to enrich the mother country of England by creating a favorable balance of trade that would increase supply of bullion (gold/silver); Colonies existed to enrich mother country
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| show | 1)Trade to/from colonies only on English or colonial ships w/ English or colonial crews 2) All goods imported into colonies had to pass through English ports 3) “enumerated” (certain) goods could be exported to England only (tobacco the first)
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| Why did slavery expand in the late 1600s and early 1700s | show 🗑
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| Task system | show 🗑
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| Stono Rebellion | show 🗑
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| show | 1) Manufactured goods to Africa; traded for slaves 2) Slaves to Americas/Caribbean; traded for raw materials 3) Raw materials to England; traded for manufactured goods
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| New England economy | show 🗑
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| show | large scale farming in wheat, corn; hired laborers and indentured servants; trade; small manufacturing
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| show | subsistence farming and large plantations (thus slaves); tobacco, rice, indigo
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| show | Pennsylvania backcountry farmers who slaughtered Indians in fear after Pontiac's Rebellion scared them; Ben Franklin saved peaceful Indians that the Paxton Boys were about to murder in Philly
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| show | An emotional religious revival during the 1730s and 1740s amongst ALL colonies
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| show | “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”
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| George Whitefield | show 🗑
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| What were the main ideas of the Great Awakening | show 🗑
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| show | French built chain of forts in Ohio River Valley to stop westward growth of British colonies; George Washington defeated by French at Fort Duquesne
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| show | A) Attempt at colonial union (failed) B) British victory & end of French power on North American continent C) Made Britain dominant naval power in world D) End of major threats to British colonies E) Imperial reform by British—and American Revolutio
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| Albany Plan of Union, 1754 | show 🗑
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| What were the causes of the American Revolution | show 🗑
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| SALUTARY NEGLECT | show 🗑
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| show | Pontiac attacks British settlements on western frontier; upsets colonists b/c British troops used instead of colonial troops
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| show | a) Issued by British to prevent hostilities b/w colonists and Indians b) Said colonists could not settle west of Appalachian Mts.
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| show | a) Stamps to be placed on most printed paper in colonies (legal docs, newspapers, pamphlets, playing cards)b) 1st direct tax; tax on those who used the goods, not on merchants c) meant to raise $ to pay British officials in colonies
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| Townshend Acts | show 🗑
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| Committees of Correspondance | show 🗑
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| Gaspee Incident | show 🗑
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| show | To punish for destruction of private property (tea) in Boston
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| show | called for repeal of Intolerable Acts
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| show | Battle of Saratoga 1778
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| show | 1) Britain recognized independence of US 2) Western boundary of US would be Mississippi River 3) US got fishing rights off Canada 4) US to pay debts owed to British merchants
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| show | 1) Unicameral legislature 2)Each state had 1 vote 3) 9/13 needed to pass laws 4) To amend, 13/13 needed
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| Northwest Ordinance 1787 | show 🗑
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| What were the weaknesses of the Articles | show 🗑
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| show | a) rebellion of debt-ridden farmers in western Massachusetts; Rebelled against high state taxes, debtor prisons, no paper $ b) Scared people, convinced many of need for stronger govt
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| show | Hamilton, Madison, Jay 85 essays published to convince NY and Virginia to ratify Constitution
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| show | 1st 10 Amendments to Constitution
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| Judiciary Act of 1789 | show 🗑
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| show | a) National debt paid off and state debts assumed by federal govt (as compromise, he promised national capital to be in South along Potomac (Washington, DC) b) Got tariffs and excise taxes on wine, coffee, tea, liquor (whiskey) c) National Bank
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| What event dominated foreign affairs under Washington | show 🗑
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| show | Washington's declaration that said US would not take sides in war between France and England (Jefferson resigns b/c of this, says we should side with France)
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| show | treaty that brought US closer to Britain; Brits promised to remove troops from Northwest territories
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| show | treaty with Spain in 1790s; said a) Spain recognized US neutrality b) Ended Spanish claims to southwest territories c) Gave US access to Mississippi River d) gave US access to New Orleans
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| show | Western PA farmers rebelled against tax on whiskey (to supplement income); showed federal govt's power
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| What did Washington warn of in his farewell address in 1796 | show 🗑
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| show | controversy in which French demand bribe from US just to negotiate ending of French seizure of US ships ("millions for defense, not a cent for trubute")
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| Kentucky Resolves and Virginia Resolves | show 🗑
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| show | term applied to John Adams' last minute appointments of numerous federal judges to pack the court system with Federalist judges; led to Marbury v Madison court case
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| Marbury v Madison | show 🗑
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| show | Jefferson's big failure; meant to punish Britain for interfering in US trade; almost ruined Us economy
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| show | a) impressment of US sailors by Brits b) Brits aiding Indians who attcked US c) War Hawks in Congress who wanted war (Henry Clay and John C, Calhoun)
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| What was the Hartford Convention | show 🗑
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| show | ended War of 1812; simply maintained status quo
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| show | program for advancing US economic growth in early 1800s (Henry Clay) a) tariffs b) national bank c) infratsructure
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| show | inventor of cotton gin
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| Lowell system | show 🗑
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| What groups were part of the Second Great Awakening | show 🗑
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| show | founder of Mormons
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| Transcendentalists | show 🗑
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| Horace Mann | show 🗑
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| show | 19th century reformer of asylums
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| show | a) American Colonization Society (back to Africa--Liberia) b) American Anti-Slavery Society (William Lloyd Garrison) c) violent abolitionists (later John Brown)
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| Nat Turner | show 🗑
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| Seneca Falls Convention, 1848 | show 🗑
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| Tallmadge Amendment (1819) | show 🗑
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| What was the Missouri Compromise (1820) | show 🗑
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| show | Stated that Europeans were no longer allowed to interfere in affairs of or colonize Americas
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| corrupt bargain (1824) | show 🗑
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| "Jacksonian democracy” | show 🗑
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| show | Forced the resettlement of Native Americans to west of Mississippi
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| show | overturned Cherokee v Georgia where Cherokees denied their land; but Jackson wouldn't enforce Worcester v Georgia, with result that Indians were forced west
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| show | Said each state could declare FEDERAL law unconstitutional if it wanted to--leading proponent was John C Calhoun (Jackson crushed this idea)
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| Why did Jackson hate the Second Bank of the US | show 🗑
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| show | idea that it was America's right to expand west in 1840s
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| What territories would the US gain as a result of its expansionist policies | show 🗑
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| Steven Austin | show 🗑
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| show | decisive battle in Texas' War of Independence
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| show | led Texas forces against Mexico; 1st President of Texas
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| show | Polk's campaign slogan of 1844; referred to desire to annex Oregon
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| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (Mexican Cession) 1848 | show 🗑
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| Wilmot Proviso | show 🗑
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| Ostend Manifesto 1852 | show 🗑
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| show | William Walker takes over Nicaragua to expand slavery; defeated by Central American states
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| Clayton-Bulwer Treaty 1850 | show 🗑
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| show | Alaska purchased from Russia in 1867; called these terms
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| Popular Sovereignty | show 🗑
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| show | a) California admitted as free state b) Divide remainder of Mexican Cession into Utah and New Mexico—allow popular sovereignty c) Ban slave TRADE in Washington, DC d) Adopt Fugitive Slave Law
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| show | Stephen Douglas (IL) proposes building RR from Chicago to west across Nebraska territory; required organization of states--would they be slave or free?
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| show | said northerners had to return runaway slaves to south; caused severe sectionalism
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| Dred Scott v Sandford (1857) | show 🗑
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| show | Uncle Tom’s Cabin; anti-slavery novel of 1852
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| Cannibals All! (1857) | show 🗑
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| show | Nativist Party of 1850s; took votes from Whigs
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| show | Slaves worked inefficiently b/c they were forced to work (no motivation); free laborers worked efficiently b/c they worked for $
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| show | the South’s idea that b/c cotton was so important to the British and French, it (the South) could gain official recognition from those countries and receive direct aid for the Southern war effort
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| contraband | show 🗑
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| show | Lincoln’s declaration that freed all slaves in those states that were in rebellion (encouraged border states to free slaves and compensate slave owners
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| 13th Amendment | show 🗑
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| show | 160 acres of free land in Great Plains as long as you farmed it for 5 years
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| Morrill Land Grant Act | show 🗑
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| Freedmen’s Bureau | show 🗑
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| Black Codes | show 🗑
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| show | a) All African-Americans were legal citizens b) Said Black Codes illegal
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| show | Obligated states to respect rights of citizens by providing “equal protection of the laws” and “due process”
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| show | Prohibited any state from denying a citizen’s right to vote based upon “race, color, or previous condition of servitude”
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| Sharecropping | show 🗑
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| Credit Mobilier Affair | show 🗑
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| Compromise of 1877 | show 🗑
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| Frederick Jackson Turner | show 🗑
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| show | wrote A Century of Dishonor (1880s) detailing American abuses of Indians
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| show | Law that attempted to assimilate Indians into American culture by giving them farms and citizenship
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| show | A) Economic progress B) Continued poverty C) attempts to change agriculture D) Racial segregation
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| Crop lien system | show 🗑
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| show | “separate but equal” accommodations in public were constitutional
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| Booker T. Washington | show 🗑
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| show | advocated complete equality between blacks and whites
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| show | 19th century "Robber Baron" who made fortune in railroads
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| show | Blasted air through molten iron made stronger steel
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| show | Robber Baron who made fortune in steel; became philanthropist
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| John D. Rockefeller | show 🗑
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| Sherman Anti-trust Act (1890) | show 🗑
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| “Gospel of Wealth” | show 🗑
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| show | labor union that was very inclusive of all sorts of workers and more radical than most unions (socialist); failed due to inclusion
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| show | labor union led by Samuel Gompers, excluded many and was more successful
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| Old immigrants | show 🗑
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| show | immigrants from southern and eastern Europe
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| show | banned all new immigrants from China
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| Great Migration (1890-1930) | show 🗑
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| show | reform movement that called for governmental policies to right political, economic, and social wrongs of industrial age
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| “Muckrakers” | show 🗑
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| show | platform of Populist Party in early 1900s that called for reforms to curtail power of banks and trusts
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| William Jennings Bryan | show 🗑
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| Jane Addams | show 🗑
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| show | Direct election of senators
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| Robert LaFollette | show 🗑
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| show | wrote The Jungle about meat packing industry; led to Meat Inspection Act
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| show | started Sierra Club and modern conservation movement under Teddy Roosevelt
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| show | income tax (1916)
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| show | Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1890; argued US needed large navy to become world power
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| Anti-imperialist League | show 🗑
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| show | Sensationalist papers print exaggerations of Spanish atrocities during Spanish-American War (1898)
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| show | Said US had no intention of taking political control of Cuba after Spanish-American War
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| show | Cuba and Philippines
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| show | fought US for 3 years in American-Filipino War; leader of Filippino resistance movement
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| show | amendment to Cuba's Constitution that established US control over the island
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| show | set up government in Puerto Rico after Spanish-American War
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| show | last Hawaiian monarch before US settlers overthrew monarchy and established American control
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| Open Door Policy | show 🗑
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| Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty (1903) | show 🗑
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| show | Only US would intervene in Latin American affairs—no Europeans
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| Gentlemen’s Agreement, 1908 | show 🗑
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| What were the immediate causes of the US entrance into WWI (April 1917) | show 🗑
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| show | Free speech could be limited when it caused “clear and present danger” to public safety; upheld Espionage and Sedition Acts of WWI
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| Palmer Raids | show 🗑
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| Marcus Garvey | show 🗑
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| show | a) Conservatism (as opposed to progressivism) b) Limited govt regulation of economy c) Sympathy for business more than labor
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| show | scandal under Harding, Sec of Interior Fall takes bribes for granting oil leases on govt land in Wyoming
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| Flappers | show 🗑
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| Liberal Protestantism | show 🗑
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| show | outlaws manufacture, sale, distribution of alcohol
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| Protestant fundamentalism | show 🗑
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| show | Protestant fundamentalists of 1920s
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| show | 2% of # of foreigners from foreign nation counted in census of 1890; meant to keep people out based upon race; aimed at "new" immigrants
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| show | Italian anarchists executed in 1920s (some said because of nativism)
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| Scopes Trial, 1925 | show 🗑
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| The “Lost Generation” | show 🗑
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| show | most famous for limiting world navies based upon ratios
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| show | A) Stock market speculation B) Mistakes by the Federal Reserve Board C) An ill-advised tariff D) A maldistribution of wealth
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| show | Raised tariffs on agricultural and manufactured goods; deepened Depression
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| show | Moved inauguration of new President from March to January
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| show | A) Huey Long B) Father Charles Coughlin C) Charles Francis Townsend
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| show | FDR's policy toward Latin America that a) Repudiated TR’s Roosevelt Corollary in 1933 b) Nullified Platt Amendment (Cuba) in 1934
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| Nye Committee | show 🗑
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| show | mobilized US public opinion against WWII (used Lindbergh as speaker)
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| “cash and carry” | show 🗑
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| show | Brits got all weapons they needed; US got bases during WWII
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| Atlantic Charter, 1941 | show 🗑
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| Braceros | show 🗑
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| “zoot suit” riots of 1943 | show 🗑
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| show | internment camps ordered for Japanese-Americans during WWII
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| Korematsu v US | show 🗑
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| Operation Overlord (D-Day) | show 🗑
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| Bataan Death March | show 🗑
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| show | WWII conference that divided Germany into 4 zones of occupation
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| GI Bill | show 🗑
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| Taft-Hartley Act (1947) | show 🗑
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| Dixiecrats | show 🗑
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| show | Limited Prez. to maximum of 2 full terms in office
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| show | US would seek to contain communism wherever it was seen as a threat in the world
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| show | western military alliance meant to defend all members from attack during Cold War;led by USA
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| show | eastern European alliance of communist nations during Cold War
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| show | fear that there was communist infiltration at all levels of US govt in early 1950s
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| show | Claimed Truman’s administration was filled with communists
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| show | communist-nationalist leader of Vietnamese (Vietminh)
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| Geneva Peace Accords, 1954 | show 🗑
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| “other-directed” society of 1950s | show 🗑
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| Dr. Benjamin Spock | show 🗑
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| show | State mandated segregation of schools violated Constitution (equal protection under law); overturned Plessy v Ferguson
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| show | civil rights organization founded by Martin Luther King
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| show | a) Expedited lawsuits by African-Americans who claimed voting rights were violated b)Created Commission on Civil Rights to advise govt on issues
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| show | The Feminine Mystique; Complained about confinement to home and lack of career opportunities
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| Phyllis Schafly | show 🗑
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| show | a) Created Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) b) Outlawed discrimination in public transport facilities (hotels, restaurants)
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| Medicare | show 🗑
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| show | Great Society program that started nationally funded medical care for low-income citizens
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| show | incident that resulted in LBJ's expansion of the war in Vietnam (1965)
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| Operation Rolling Thunder | show 🗑
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| The “New” Left | show 🗑
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| show | issued Port Huron Statement that demanded more quality in US society and on US college campuses
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| show | Murder of app. 350-500 South Vietnamese civilians (mostly women, children)during Vietnam War; turned many in US against war
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| Tet Offensive | show 🗑
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| Détente | show 🗑
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| show | scandal that resulted in resignation of Richard Nixon because he covered up evidence of Watergate break in (to steal campaign secrets from Democrats during 1972 election)
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| Camp David Accords | show 🗑
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| Iran-Contra Affair | show 🗑
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| “Reaganomics” | show 🗑
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| show | in Constitution; said each slave in the US would count as 3/5 a person when being counted for congressional representation
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| Great Compromise | show 🗑
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| show | Puritan woman who was banned from Massachusetts Bay colony because she challenged the Puritan ideas, especially with reagards to women
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| What were the causes of US imperialism in the late 1800s | show 🗑
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| show | anti-war protest that resulted in 4 students being killed by Ohio National guardsmen
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| Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) | show 🗑
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| show | to return a profit to the investors of the Virginia Company
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| show | the West (because women were valued more on the frontier)
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| show | French defeat in Vietnam that resulted in French withdrawal and increase in US involvement
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| show | American diplomat who argued US should focus on containing communism
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| show | a) blizzards b) overgrazing c) drop in cattle prices d) increase in farmland
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| Jacob Riis | show 🗑
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| Stokely Carmichael | show 🗑
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| show | a) regulate railway fees b) organized cooperatives c) Formed Populist Party d) fought to inflate currency with coinage of silver
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| show | women's rights organization founded in 1966 to challenge sexual discrimination in the workplace (Betty Friedan)
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| Three Mile Island | show 🗑
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| Hudson River School | show 🗑
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| show | neutrality
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| show | a) linked with anti-slavery movement b) involved mostly middle class women c) fought for legal and educational rights d) held conventions in NE and Midwest
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| Populism | show 🗑
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| American Colonization Society | show 🗑
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| show | a) founded Pennsylvania b) believed in Pacifism, religious tolerance, anti-slavery, greater role for women in worship
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| show | 19th century Utopian reformer who sought to create an enlightened form of socialism in US
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| show | Union victory in Civil War that prevented intervention by foreign powers
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