BIO 201 Exam Three
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| What Composes the Central Nervous System? | show 🗑
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| show | Soma, Cell Body, Dendrites, and Axon
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| show | Axon/Output, Dendrites/input
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| The ___ form myelin sheaths in the central nervous system and the ____ for myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system | show 🗑
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| show | Interrupt the myelin sheaths of the PNS axons
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| The presence of a myelin sheath on the axon of a neuron is... | show 🗑
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| Clusters of neuronal cell bodies in the CNS are called ____ and called ____ in the PNS | show 🗑
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| A ___ is a bundle of neuronal axons in the CNS; and ____ is a bundle of Neuronal axons in the PNS | show 🗑
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| The ____ is composed mainly of myelinated axons and the ____ is composed of cell bodies, unmyelinated axons, and neuroglia | show 🗑
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| show | Skeletal Muscle
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| The ___ found in white matter gives the white appearance | show 🗑
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| The parasympathetic nervous system is... | show 🗑
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| show | a division of the autonomic nervous system, is responsible for the fight or flight response, is not concerned with conservation of energy
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| Leakage Channels | show 🗑
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| Ligand-Gated Channels | show 🗑
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| Mechanically Gated Channels | show 🗑
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| Voltage Gated Channel | show 🗑
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| show | Partially maintained by the Na/K pump, Partially maintained by anions that cannot diffuse out of the cell, is polarized at rest, is usually around -70mV
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| show | Ligand Gated
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| What is true regarding Graded Potentials? | show 🗑
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| show | are all or nothing event
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| show | an Action potential occurs
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| show | Sufficient graded potential depolarized the cell to threshold, action potential occurs, Na+ voltage gates become activated allowing Na+ into cell, Influx of Na+ ions into the axon depolarizing the cell to +30mV, K+ voltage gates open and Na+ voltage gates
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| show | a period of time in which a new action potential CAN NOT be initiated by a threshold stimulus
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| An ___ causes re-polarization in the post-synaptic neuron | show 🗑
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| Spatial summation involves strengthening graded potentials through | show 🗑
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| Substance P | show 🗑
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| show | sympathetic
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| show | gland
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| The ___ receptors initiate the stretch reflex | show 🗑
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| During a crossed extensor reflex, the ___ muscles of the ipsilateral limb contract while the ___ muscles of the contralateral limb contract | show 🗑
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| show | conserve energy
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| The intergrating center of an autonomic reflex is usually in the... | show 🗑
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| Pain receptors are found... | show 🗑
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| ______ memory allows us to recall experiences as they are occurring. | show 🗑
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| show | establishes circadian rythym
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| Most dreaming occurs in... | show 🗑
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| show | consolidation
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| Storage of acquired knowledge for later recall... | show 🗑
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| Rest-and-digest division of the ANS | show 🗑
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| Receptors that provide information about body position | show 🗑
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| show | nociceptors
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| show | cholinergic
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| show | adrenergic
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| show | decussation
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| show | perception
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| show | nicotinic
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| show | referred
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| show | First
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| show | learning
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| show | Adrenergic
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| Four events that occur in a typical sensation process... | show 🗑
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| Retrograde amnesia | show 🗑
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| Anterograde amnesia | show 🗑
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| Fast pain | show 🗑
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| show | lingering pain, can be described as chronic, throbbing, burning, etc. example: stubbing your toe.
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| show | Vision
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| show | Carry Impulses between the brain to the head, neck, torso
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| The Major anatomical differences between the somatic and autonomic nervous system is? | show 🗑
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| show | May be an endocrine gland, could be smooth muscle in a blood vessel, does not operate under voluntary control
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| Sprinting | show 🗑
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| Restore Energy | show 🗑
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| Sleeping | show 🗑
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| Visceral Organs | show 🗑
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| show | Parasympathetic
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| show | Sympathetic
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| Digestion | show 🗑
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| Increase Respiration | show 🗑
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| show | Sympathetic
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| Decrease Heart Rate | show 🗑
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| show | cerebral hemispheres
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| show | ependymal cells
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| The medulla oblongata contains nuclei related to... | show 🗑
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| show | thalamus
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| show | Parasympathetic
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| show | Sympathetic
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| show | Acetylcholine, Cholinergic
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| The Autonomic Nervous System utilizes a ___ and ____ neurons | show 🗑
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| Cholinergic receptors can be broken into what two divisions? | show 🗑
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| Skeletal muscle movement, while initiated in the cerebrum, is smoothed and coordinated by the... | show 🗑
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| The meninges are... | show 🗑
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| The dura mater is... | show 🗑
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| show | ventricles
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| show | corpus callosum
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| show | cerebrum
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| Folds in the surface of the cerebrum | show 🗑
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| Grooves in the surface of the cerebrum | show 🗑
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| show | pons
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| Smoothes and coordinates voluntary muscle movement | show 🗑
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| show | Choroid plexus
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| The sense of smell | show 🗑
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| show | gustation
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| show | arbor vitae
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| show | Alpha and Beta
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| Sympathetic Neuron types | show 🗑
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| show | Pre: Acetylcholine Post: Norepinephrine
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| show | Nicotinic (Muscarinic) (Cholinergic) Adrenergic (Alpha and Beta)
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| show | Cholinergic
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| Parasympathetic Neurotransmitter (Pre/Post) | show 🗑
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| show | Cholinergic
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| Nicotinic Receptors bind to what neurotransmitter? | show 🗑
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| show | hypothalamus
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| _________ tracts conduct impulses from one cerebral hemisphere to corresponding gyri in the other hemisphere. | show 🗑
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| show | occipital
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| show | electroencephalograph
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| show | limbic
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| show | Smell, because of its association with the limbic system where emotional responses are derived from.
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| What is the function of the blood barrier? | show 🗑
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| show | Astrocytes/tight junctions
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| show | optic nerve, sends sensory info from eyes to brain where translated to vision
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| show | False
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| True or False: The autonomic nervous system is not affected by emotion | show 🗑
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| show | High parasympathetic and Low sympathetic
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| The Sympathetic postganglionic neurons are... | show 🗑
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| show | Nuclei, vital functions like breathing and heartbreak
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| show | Less likely to generate an action potential
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| The superior colliculli of the ___ allows for ___ | show 🗑
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| show | Arbor Vitae
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| The central location of the ___ allows it to function as the major relay station for motor and sensory impulses to and from the cerebral cortex | show 🗑
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| The ___ is associated with smooth and coordinated skeletal muscle movement, and allows Dr. Friedman to walk so smoothly | show 🗑
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| show | Hypothalamus
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| show | Separates the cerebrum into left and right halves
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| show | Hypothalamus
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| show | Tight Junctions that join the epithelial cells of the brain capillaries
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| The ___ connects the cerebral hemispheres and is made up of white matter | show 🗑
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| show | Brain and spinal cord
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| Three parts of typical neuron | show 🗑
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| What neuroglia form myelin sheaths in the PNS? | show 🗑
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| show | myelin
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| show | rest and digest activity
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| show | can occur in the dendrites of neurons, may vary in strength, can spread very rapidly, only propogate over short distances.
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| Axons in spinal nerves are arranged into bundles called... | show 🗑
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| show | Tract
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| Connective tissue sheath that surrounds an entire nerve. | show 🗑
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| Glial cells that act as phagocytes. | show 🗑
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| Junction between a neuron and its target cell. | show 🗑
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| Layers of connective tissue that surround the spinal cord. | show 🗑
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| show | Afferent
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| show | internode
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| show | dermatome
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| show | neurotransmitter
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| In the CNS, myelin is produced by glial cells called... | show 🗑
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| show | Efferent
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| The ______ roots of spinal nerves contain the axons of sensory neurons. | show 🗑
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| What is saltatory conduction? | show 🗑
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| Where does saltatory conduction occur? | show 🗑
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| What is the advantage of saltatory conduction? | show 🗑
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| show | -70mV
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| One factor that maintains the resting membrane potential of a typical neuron. | show 🗑
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| ____ circulates through cavities in the brain called | show 🗑
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| The filtration of blood plasma into the choroid plexus is involved in production of | show 🗑
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| show | Central Sulcus
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| The Postcentral gyrus of the cerebral cortex, posterior to the central sulcus is the | show 🗑
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| Action potentials | show 🗑
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| show | intervertebral foramina
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| show | none of them
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| Cluster of cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system | show 🗑
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