Chapters 22 & 23: Renal System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | basic powerhouse washer of blood/ cleaner of blood for body
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| show | acid-base balance, BP regulation, RBC formation/ drug metabolism (stimulates bone marrow to make RBCs), hormone metabolism/ vitamin D synthesis, glucose homeostasis (needed for metabolism)
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| what are the functional units of the kidney? | show 🗑
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| What is a normal GFR rate? | show 🗑
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| What does the GFR tell us about the kidney? | show 🗑
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| At what age would you expect to see kidney function drop naturally? | show 🗑
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| If ______ ________ drops (think heart) then GFR drops | show 🗑
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| show | filter, reabsorb, secrete
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| show | Glomerular filitration
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| What regulates glomerular filtration | show 🗑
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| show | urine formation
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| show | The process the kidneys use to filter excess fluids, waste products, and solutes out of the blood and into the urine collecting tubules to be excreted from the body in urine.
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| show | Glomerular particles (?)
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| show | Tubular reabsorption
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| Where does tubular reabsorption occur? | show 🗑
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| show | The filtrate is reabsorbed back into the capillaries that surround the tubules to be returned to the body for use. It's reabsorbed because the first time absorption occurs is in the small intestines.
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| show | The needs for solute and water
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| What happens to products not reabsorbed in tubular reabsorption? | show 🗑
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| Where does tubular secretion occur | show 🗑
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| What happens in tubular secretion? | show 🗑
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| show | Proximal tubule, Loop of Henle, Distal Tubule, Collecting Duct
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| show | reabsorbs majority of filtrate
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| role of loop of henle | show 🗑
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| show | absorbs water and sodium
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| show | additional water reabsorbed
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| show | blood urea nitrogen and electrolytes; come from the blood
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| show | Vitamin D: calcium absorption and immune system
Insulin: absorb glucose
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| How do the kidneys regulate insulin? | show 🗑
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| What is a glucose threshold? | show 🗑
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| show | No
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| show | Diabetes Mellitus or kidney failure
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| Kidneys are susceptible to _____ injury | show 🗑
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| show | atherosclerosis, leads to high BP, causes kidney to overwork
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| show | tubular destruction
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| show | kidney cannot filter blood
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| show | urosepsis
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| show | swelling or edema
dehydration
low BP or low blood volume
CVA tenderness
hematuria
abdominal pain
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| show | bilirubin, urobilinogen, crystals, casts, pH, specific gravity, glucose, ketones, WBCs, protein
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| show | ph: 4.6-8.0
specific gravity: 1.005-1.030
none of the other stuff
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| If you see abnormal values on a UA, what does that mean? | show 🗑
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| show | bacteria
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| 4 things that cause BUN to elevate | show 🗑
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| BUN | show 🗑
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| show | kidney filtration
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| show | blood sample and 24-hour urine collection
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| which is the better method to measure kidney function BUN or serum creatinine? | show 🗑
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| urosepsis | show 🗑
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| show | obstruction of urine flow
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| costovertebral angle tenderness | show 🗑
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| show | blood in the urine
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| show | protein in the urine
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| urea (BUN) | show 🗑
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| show | increased BUN in the blood
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| uremia | show 🗑
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| creatinine | show 🗑
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| show | 10:1, 20:1 ideal (indicates enough blood flow to kidneys)
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| show | used to diagnose urinary incontinence; check GFR because dye is injected
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| show | low urine output
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| show | urination
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| vesicoureteral reflex | show 🗑
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| show | damage to nerves innervating the bladder
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| show | water in the kidney
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| hydroureter | show 🗑
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| Causes of acute kidney injury | show 🗑
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| show | Prerenal dysfunction
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| show | hemorrhage or ischemia
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| show | intrarenal dysfunction
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| What can lead to damage of a nephron | show 🗑
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| show | postrenal dysfunction
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| causes of postrenal dysfunction | show 🗑
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| show | insult, oliguria, diuresis, recovery
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| acute tubular necrosis | show 🗑
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| Nephrotic syndrome | show 🗑
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| nephritic syndrome | show 🗑
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| show | post streptococcal glomerulonephritis
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| primary cause of AGN | show 🗑
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| show | streptococcal
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| Where does streptococcal often originate from | show 🗑
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| show | liver?
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| How do we diagnose AGN? | show 🗑
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| Damage to the glomeruli that causes a massive leakage of protein in the urine is | show 🗑
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| show | albumin
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| What symptoms make it known that the diagnosis is nephrotic syndrome | show 🗑
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| what are renal calculi | show 🗑
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| most common cause of kidney stones | show 🗑
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| show | foods high in purines
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| symptoms of renal calculi | show 🗑
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| show | urinalysis
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| show | Urolithasis
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| Bladder infection | show 🗑
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| Difference between urolithasis and pyelonephritis | show 🗑
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| Who is at increased risk for pyelonephritis and why? | show 🗑
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| Polycystic kidney disease | show 🗑
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| show | gradual loss of kidney function, 5 stages of progression
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| show | diabetes mellitus, HTN, glomerulonephritis, PKD
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| show | fluid and electrolyte management, BP management, dialysis, transplant
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| show | 300-400mL
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| show | urinary system issues
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| show | obstructive neuropathy
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| What is the most common organism that causes a UTI? | show 🗑
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| show | dehydration, catheters, and diabetes
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| what causes a hospital acquired uti? | show 🗑
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| show | high frequency, dysuria, urgency, hematuria
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| What will a urinalysis show for a lower UTI? | show 🗑
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| show | Urosepsis- bacteremia, serious complication of UTI
elderly and catheterized at highest risk
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| How can a UTI turn into septic shock? | show 🗑
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| Stress Incontinence | show 🗑
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| Overactive bladder | show 🗑
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| show | no control over bladder after paralysis
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Created by:
lcorlew1
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