General nervous system info
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| Two main divsions of nervous system | central, peripheral
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| CNS (Central Nervous System) | consists of the brain and spinal cord
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| Peripheral nervous system | nerves tissues in the periphery or outer region of the nervous system
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| Somatic Nervous Systen | motor neurons that control voluntary actions of skeletal muscles
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| Divisions of SNS | somatic sensory division (afferent), somatic motor division (efferent)
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| Divisions of ANS | visceral sensory division (afferent), sympathetic division (efferent), parasympathetic division (efferent)
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| afferent division | incoming sensory pathways (carry toward)
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| efferent division | all outgoing motor pathways (carry away)
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| neurons | nerve cell including its processes (axons and dendrites); excitable cells that conduct impulses that make possible all nervous system functions "wiring" of nervous system
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| Glia / neuroglia | nonexcitable supporting cells of nervous tissue
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| Types of glia cells | astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, ogliodendrocytes, schwann cells, satelite cells
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| astrocytes | star shaped; help form blood brain barrier, recycle neurotransmitters
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| microglia | macrophages that engulf microorganisms and dead neuro tissue/cellular debris
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| ependymal cells | line cavities of brain and spinal cord; form thin sheets that line the fluid filled cavities in the brain and spinal cord
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| ogliodendrocytes | act as insulation, help form myelin sheaths
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| schwann cells | found only in the peripheral nervous system; wrap around axons to from myelin sheath
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| functional classification of neurons | afferent (sensory), efferent (motor), interneurons (association)
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| reflex arc | impulse conduction route to and from the CNS; smallest portion of the nervous system that can receive stimulus and generate a response
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| saltatory conduction | process in which a nerve impulse travels along a myelinated fiber by jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next
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| classification of neurotransmitters | acetylcholine, amines, amino acids, other small molecules
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Created by:
gdemuth
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