AP HUG
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| Spatial Mobility | All forms of geographical movement, including people's everyday commuting and travels.
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| Social (upward) mobility | Change in social hierarchy
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| migration | Long–term relocation of individual, families, or communities from one place to another
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| migrant | a person who migrates or moves
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| non–migrants | People who do not move
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| Origin | A person's location before migration
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| destination | The place the migrant is going
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| emigration/out–migration | the act of leaving a place
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| immigration/in–migration | the act of arriving to a new place
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| immigrants | People who arrive at their destination country
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| migration stream | the flow of all migrants from an origin to a destination
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| counterstream | the flow of all migrants in the direction opposite a particular migration stream
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| Net migration | The difference between the number of in–migrants and out–migrants
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| net migration rate (NMR) | shows the impact of migration on population change. Divide the country's net migration by total population, then multiplying by 1000
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| Migration age progile | The relationship between the odds of migration and age across different countries
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| Brain Drain | when a country or place loses young, more educated, and skilled people through migration
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| Brain Gain | when a country or a place gains young, more educated, and skilled people through migration
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| Push–pull theory of migration | Theory asserting that two contrasting sets of factors are at work in migration decisions
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| push factors | reasons why people want to leave
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| pull factors | Reasons why people want to come into a place
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| Intervening obstacles | The complications that potential migrants will need to overcome to reach their destination
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| intervening opportunity | A nearby attractive locale where migrants may decide to settle instead of going to the intended destination farther away.
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| social networks | People's friends and relatives
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| Ravenstein's Laws | 11 major "laws" migration tends to follow. Include: most migration is for economic reasons, mostly rural to urban.
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| Voluntary Migration | Migration that is done willingly
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| international migration | When moves are made across international borders
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| Guest worker | A person with temporary permission to work in another country
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| Transnational migration | When migrants move back and forth between their home countries and those to which they have migrated
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| internal migration/ interregional migration | When people move within the borders of a country
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| Great Migration | The 20th century movement of 6 million African Americans from the rural southern states to the cities of the midwestern and northeastern states
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| Rural to Urban migration | When people move from the countryside to cities
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| Residential mobility | moves that occur within a metropolitan area
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| Step migration | Migration carried out in stages, usually from nearby to bigger and more distant places
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| chain migration | The process by which some people's migration to a new place leads their family members, friends, and others to move to the same place
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| return migration | migrants going back, or returning, to their previous place of residence or origin
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| Seasonal migration | migration based on the time of year
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| transhumanance | a phenomenon where herders and their livestock move seasonally between their summer and winter pastures
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| Mobility transition model | Connects migration to the DTM. 1) Premodern societies, 2) early transitional societies, 3) late transitional societies, 4) advanced societies
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| circulation | short–term and cyclical movement that occurs repeatedly on a regular basis
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| forced migration | migration caused by forces out of one's control: disasters, social conflicts, developmental projects, slavery.
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| Refugees | people who leave their country because of persecution based on race, ethnicity, religion, nationality, or political opinion
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| Internally displaced person (IDP) | Someone who remains within his or her country's borders despite being persecuted by their home country
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| Ethnic cleansing | the forced removal of one ethnic group by another ethnic group to create an ethnically consistent territory
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| repatriation | when refugees or displaced persons return to their home country
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| Diaspora | Involuntary mass dispersions of a population from its home territory
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| Rohingya in Myanmar | An example of ethnic cleansing
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| Syrian civil war | An example of an armed conflict creating a large refugee population
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| Atlantic Slave Trade | An example of forced migration
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| Mongolian herders | example of transhumance
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| Snowbirds | An example of seasonal migration
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| New Great Migration | an example of return migration (Black Americans currently moving to the South from the North)
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| Moving to be with your family | An example of chain migration
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| Great Migration | An example of rural–to–urban migration\nAND internal migration
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| Bracero program | example of guest workers
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| Pastel's sister–in–law going back to Taiwan for 6 months to have a second child, before returning to the USA | example of Transnational migration
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| Hurricane Katrina | an example of a USA event that produced internally displaced people
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| Many Chinese immigrants go to New Zealand, settle there temporarily, then move to their final destination of Australia | An example of step migration
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| Paying $8,000 per person to be smuggled out of Syria on a boat | an example of a economic intervening obstacle
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| Carole was on her way to northern Europe but found a job styling hair in France | an example of an economic intervening opportunity
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