Back Muscles Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation, Artery
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| Erector spinae Origin | iliac crest, sacrum, transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae and supraspinal ligament
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| Erector spinae Insertion | angles of the ribs, transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae, posterior aspect of the skull
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| Erector spinae Action | extends and laterally bends the trunk, neck and head
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| Erector spinae Innervation | segmentally innervated by dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-S5
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| Erector spinae Artery | supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.
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| Iliocostalis Origin | iliac crest and sacrum
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| Iliocostalis Insertion | angles of the ribs
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| Iliocostalis Action | extends and laterally bends the trunk and neck
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| Iliocostalis Innervation | dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C4-S5
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| Iliocostalis Artery | supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.
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| Interspinales Origin | upper border of spinous process
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| Interspinales Insertion | lower border of spinous process above
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| Interspinales Action | extend trunk and neck
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| Interspinales Innervation | dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-L5
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| Interspinales Artery | supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.
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| Intertransversarii Origin | upper border of transverse process
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| Intertransversarii Insertion | lower border of transverse process above
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| Intertransversarii Action | laterally bend trunk and neck
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| Intertransversarii Innervation | dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-L5
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| Intertransversarii Artery | supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.
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| Longissimus Origin | transverse process at inferior vertebral levels
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| Longissimus Insertion | transverse process at superior vertebral levels and mastoid process
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| Longissimus Action | extends and laterally bends the trunk, neck and head
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| Longissimus Innervation | dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-S1
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| Longissimus Artery | supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.
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| Multifidus Origin | sacrum, transverse processes of C3-L5
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| Multifidus Insertion | spinous processes 2-4 vertebral levels superior to their origin
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| Multifidus Action | extend and laterally bend trunk and neck, rotate to opposite side
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| Multifidus Innervation | dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-L5
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| Multifidus Artery | supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.
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| Muscles of the Tranversospinal Group | semispinalis, multifidus and rotators
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| Obliquus capitis inferior Origin | spinous process of the axis
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| Obliquus capitis inferior Insertion | transverse process of atlas
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| Obliquus capitis inferior Action | rotates the head to the same side
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| Obliquus capitis inferior Innervation | suboccipital nerve (DPR of C1)
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| Obliquus capitis inferior Artery | occipital a.
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| Obliquus capitis superior Origin | transverse process of atlas
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| Obliquus capitis superior Insertion | occipital bone above inferior nuchal line
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| Obliquus capitis superiorAction | extends the head, rotates the head to the same side
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| Obliquus capitis superior Innervation | suboccipital nerve (DPR of C1)
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| Obliquus capitis superior Artery | occipital a
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| Suboccipital Triangle is formed by? | the suboccipital triangle is formed by obliquus capitis superior and inferior and rectus capitis posterior major
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| Rectus capitis posterior major Origin | spinous process of axis
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| Rectus capitis posterior major Insertion | inferior nuchal line
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| Rectus capitis posterior major Action | extends the head, rotate to same side
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| Rectus capitis posterior major Innervation | suboccipital nerve (DPR of C1)
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| Rectus capitis posterior major Artery | occipital a
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| Rectus capitis posterior minor Origin | posterior tubercle of atlas
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| Rectus capitis posterior minor Insertion | inferior nuchal line medially
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| Rectus capitis posterior minor Action | extends the head
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| Rectus capitis posterior minor Innervation | suboccipital nerve (DPR of C1)
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| Rectus capitis posterior minor Artery | occipital a.
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| What is the location relationship between the Rectus capitis muscles? | rectus capitis posterior minor is deeper and inserts more medial than rectus capitis posterior major
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| Rotatores Origin | transverse processes
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| Rotatores Insertion | long rotatores: spines 2 vertebrae above origin; short rotatores: spines 1 vertebrae above origin
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| Rotatores Action | rotates the vertebral column to the opposite side
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| Rotatores Innervation | dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-L5
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| Rotatores Artery | supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.
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| Semispinalis Origin | transverse processes of C7-T12
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| Semispinalis Insertion | capitis: back of skull between nuchal lines; cervicis & thoracis: spines 4-6 vertebrae above origin
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| Semispinalis Action | extends the trunk and laterally bends the trunk, rotates the trunk to the opposite side
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| Semispinalis Innervation | dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-T12
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| Semispinalis Artery | supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.
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| Serratus posterior inferior Origin | thoracolumbar fascia, spines of vertebrae T11-T12 and L1-L2
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| Serratus posterior inferior Insertion | ribs 9-12, lateral to the angles
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| Serratus posterior inferior Action | pulls down lower ribs
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| Serratus posterior inferior Innervation | branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves T9-T12
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| Serratus posterior inferior Artery | lowest posterior intercostal a., subcostal a., first two lumbar aa.
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| Serratus posterior superior Origin | ligamentum nuchae, spines of vertebrae C7 and T1-T3
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| Serratus posterior superior Insertion | ribs 1-4, lateral to the angles
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| Serratus posterior superior Action | elevates the upper ribs
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| Serratus posterior superior Innervation | branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves T1-T4
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| Serratus posterior superior Artery | posterior intercostal aa. 1-4
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| Spinalis Origin | spinous processes at inferior vertebral levels
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| Spinalis Insertion | spinous processes at superior vertebral levels and base of the skull
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| Spinalis Action | extends and laterally bends trunk and neck
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| Spinalis Innervation | dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C2-L3
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| Spinalis Artery | supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa.
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| Splenius capitis Origin | ligamentum nuchae and spines of C7-T6 vertebrae
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| Splenius capitis Insertion | mastoid process and lateral end of the superior nuchal line
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| Splenius capitis Action | extends and laterally bends the neck and head, rotates head to the same side
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| Splenius capitis Innervation | dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C2-C6
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| Splenius capitis Artery | supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa.
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| Splenius cervicis Origin | ligamentum nuchae and spines of C7-T6 vertebrae
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| Splenius cervicis Insertion | posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C1-C3 vertebrae
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| Splenius cervicis Action | extends and laterally bends neck and head, rotates head to the same side
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| Splenius cervicis Innervation | dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C2-C6
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| Splenius cervicis Artery | supplied segmentally by: deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa.
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