Vocab for Equipment, Statistics, Physical Prop of Matter
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| Beaker | a glass with a wide mouth and lip for pouring; used for transferring, mixing, holding, heating liquids 50 mL up to 1,000 mL; NOT used for accurate measurements
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| Erlenmeyer flask | flat-bottomed container that tapers up to a straight neck; used for stirring by hand by swirling flask; NOT used for accurate measurements
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| Graduated cylinder | tall, narrow container with a volume scale 10mL up to 100mL; used for accurate and precise measurement
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| Mortar and Pestle | used to grind/crush ingredients
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| Petri Dish | a small shallow dish of thin glass or plastic with a loose cover; used for holding a culture medium upon which cells, bacteria and viruses can be grown
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| Sifter | A hand tool made of woven metal wires; used to separate and break up clumps in dry ingredients; also used to aerate powdered ingredients
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| Funnel | used to channel liquid or fine-grained substances into containers with small openings
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| Pipette | a small, narrow tube into which liquid is drawn by suction; used to transport a small amount of liquid
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| Straight Edge Spatula | A metal tool used to level off dry ingredients when measuring and to cut parchment paper
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| Mass | The amount of matter in an object
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| Weight | The amount of gravitational force pulling on an object
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| Volume | The amount of space occupied by an object
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| Density | The amount of matter packed into a space; mass per unit of volume
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| Mean | The average of a group of numbers
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| Median | The middle value within a set of data
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| Mode | The number that occurs most frequently in a set of data
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| Range | The difference between the highest and lowest numbers in a set of data; indicates how spread out the data is
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| Percent Difference | The measure of the accuracy of a measurement; tells you how big your errors are when you measure something in an experiment; the smaller the percentage, the more accurate your measurements
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| Matter | Anything with mass and volume; has physical and chemical properties
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| Solubility | The ability to dissolve in water
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| Extensive Properties | Physical properties that depend on the amount of a substance you have; examples are volume, mass, weight and size
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| Intensive Properties | Physical properties that do not depend on the amount of a substance you have: examples are density, melting point and boiling point
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| Melting | Phase changes from solid to liquid
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| Boiling | Phase changes from liquid to gas
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| Evaporation | Phase changes from liquid to gas
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| Condensation | Phase changes from gas to liquid
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| Freezing | Phase changes from liquid to solid
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| Sublimation | Phase changes from solid to gas
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| Deposition | Phase changes from gas to solid
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| Phase Change | A physical process in which a substance changes to another state of matter due to pressure or a significant gain or loss of energy
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| Homogeneous | Mixtures that have a uniform distribution of particles; often are solutions
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| Heterogeneous | Mixtures that have non-uniform distribution of particles; not evenly mixed; insoluble
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| Solvent | The part of a solution that does the dissolving
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| Solute | The part of a solution that gets dissolved; may low freezing point and increase boiling point
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