Cardiovascular Ch 21
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| capillaries | show 🗑
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| continuous capillaries | show 🗑
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| show | porous and endothelial cells have fenestrae; highly permeable;
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| show | large diameter w/large fenestrae & less basement membrane, allow large molecules to pass (endocrine glands)
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| show | larger diameter sinusoidals; (liver, bone marrow)
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| show | blood flows from arterioles thru meatarterioles then thru cap. network; sphincters and smooth muslce regulate flow
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| show | conductors; largest diameter; high pressure that fluctuates between systolic and distolic
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| show | smooth muscle regulates blood flow by constricting or dialating; most smaller unnamed arteries
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| arterioles | show 🗑
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| venules | show 🗑
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| show | go between small and large veins
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| show | thin tunica intima
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| tunica intima | show 🗑
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| show | smooth muscle cells around blood vessel; vasoconstriction and dilation
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| tunica externa | show 🗑
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| show | formed by overlapping flaps in intima; any vein over 2mm has them; more found in veins of lower extremities
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| show | unmyelinated sympathetic nerve fibers form plexi in tunica adventia :vasoconstriction; parasympathetic inervate penis and clitoris
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| show | degeneratiopnal changes in arteries making them less elastic
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| show | plaque deposited in walls
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| show | from R ventricle to pulmonary trunk->divides into pulmonary arteries; 2 pulm arteries exit each lung and enter L atrium
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| systemic circulation | show 🗑
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| show | streamline, interior of blood vessel is smooth and equal diameter; outer layer moves slowest and inner fastest
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| show | interrupted, flow rate exceeds critical velocity; fluid passes a constriction, sharp turn; contributes to heart sounds
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| show | measure of force exerted by blood against the wall; moves blood thru vessels; measure by listening to korotkoff sounds: turbulent flow in arteries as pressure is released from blood pressure cuff
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| flow formula | show 🗑
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| show | flow decreases when resistance increases
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| show | size of blood vessel diameter
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| show | resistance of liquid to flow; as viscocity increases pressure required to flow increases; infuenced by hemocrit( % of RBCs making up blood volume); dehydration or too many RBCs can increase velocity
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| show | viscocity, resistance, pressure, length of vessel
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| show | force responsible for moving fluids across capillary walls; effected by hydrostatic and osmostatic pressure (net hydro-net osmo) (pressure in and out).
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| show | blood pressure-interstisial fluid pressure(bp-ifp)
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| net osmotic pressue | show 🗑
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| show | continual state of partial contraction of veins due to sympathetic stimulation
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| effect of gravity on BP | show 🗑
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| local control of blood flow | show 🗑
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| nervous regulation of blood flow | show 🗑
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| show | change peripheral distance, heart rate, and stroke volume in response to changes in blood pressure
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| show | sensory receptors senstivie to o2, co2 and ph levels of blood
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| CNS ischemic response | show 🗑
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| renin-angiotesin-aldersteron mechanism | show 🗑
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| vasopressin (adh) mechanism | show 🗑
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| atrial natriueretic hormone | show 🗑
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| fluid shift | show 🗑
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