10&11: Agriculture and Industry
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| agriculture | deliberate modification of Earth's surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain
🗑
|
||||
| crop | any plant cultivated by people
🗑
|
||||
| vegetative planting | reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants (cutting stems & dividing roots)
🗑
|
||||
| seed agriculture | reproduction of plants through annual planting of seeds that result from sexual fertilization
🗑
|
||||
| subsistence agriculture | production of food primarily for consumption by the farmer's family
🗑
|
||||
| commercial agriculture | production of food primarily for sale off the farm
🗑
|
||||
| agribusiness | system of commercial farming found in the United States and other relatively developed countries
🗑
|
||||
| prime agricultural land | most productive farmland
🗑
|
||||
| shifting cultivation | form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period
🗑
|
||||
| slash-and-burn agriculture | farmers clear land for planting by slashing vegetation and burning the debris
🗑
|
||||
| swidden | patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning
🗑
|
||||
| pastoral nomadism | form of sutsistence agriculture based on the herding of domesticated animals
🗑
|
||||
| transhumance | seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pasture areas
🗑
|
||||
| pasture | grass or other plants grown for feeding grazing animals, as well as land used for grazing
🗑
|
||||
| intensive subsistence agriculture | form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land
🗑
|
||||
| wet rice | practice of planting rice on dry land in a nursery and then moving the seedlings to a flooded field to promote growth
🗑
|
||||
| paddy | Malay word for wet rice
🗑
|
||||
| sawah | flooded field for growing rice
🗑
|
||||
| chaff | husks of grain seperated from the seed by threshing
🗑
|
||||
| threshed | beat out grain from stalks by trampling it
🗑
|
||||
| winnowed | to remove chaff by allowing it to be blown away by the wind
🗑
|
||||
| hull | outer covering of a seed
🗑
|
||||
| double cropping | harvesting twice a year from the same field
🗑
|
||||
| crop rotation | practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil
🗑
|
||||
| cereal grain | grass yielding grain for food
🗑
|
||||
| milkshed | area surrouding a city from which milk is supplied
🗑
|
||||
| grain | seed of a cereal grain
🗑
|
||||
| winter wheat | wheat planted in the fall and harvested in the early summer
🗑
|
||||
| spring wheat | wheat planted in the spring and harvested in the late summer
🗑
|
||||
| reaper | machine that cuts grain standing in the field
🗑
|
||||
| combine | machine that reaps, threshes, and cleans grain while moving over a field
🗑
|
||||
| ranching | form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area
🗑
|
||||
| horticulture | growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers
🗑
|
||||
| truck farming | commercial gardening and fruit farming, so named because truck was a Middle English word meaning bartering or the exchange of commodities
🗑
|
||||
| plantation | large farm in tropical and subtropical climates that specializes in the production of one or two crops for sale, usully to a more developed country
🗑
|
||||
| sustainable agriculture | farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution, typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides
🗑
|
||||
| ridge tillage | system of planting crops on ridge tops, in order to reduce farm production costs and promote greater soil conservation
🗑
|
||||
| desertification | degradation of land, especially in semiarid areas, primarily because of human actions like excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting
🗑
|
||||
| green revolution | rapid diffustion of new agricultural technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers
🗑
|
||||
| break-of-bulk point | location where transfer is possible from one mode of transportation to another
🗑
|
||||
| bulk-gaining industry | industry in which the final product weighs more or comprises a greater volume than the inputs
🗑
|
||||
| bulk-reducing industry | industry in which the final product weighs less or comprises a lower volume than the inputs
🗑
|
||||
| cottage industry | manufacturing based in homes rather than in a factory, commonly found before the industrial revolution
🗑
|
||||
| fordist | form of mass production in which each worker is assigned one specific task to perform repeatedly
🗑
|
||||
| industrial revolution | series of improvements in industrial technoogy that transformed the process of manufacturing goods
🗑
|
||||
| labor-intensive industry | industry for which labor costs comprise a high percentage of total expenses
🗑
|
||||
| maquiladora | factories built by USA companies in Mexico near the U.S. border to take advantage of much lower labor costs in Mexico
🗑
|
||||
| new international divistion of labor | transfer of some types of jobs, especially those requiring low-paid less skilled workers, from more developed to less developed countries
🗑
|
||||
| post-fordist | adoption by companies of flexible work rules, such as the allocation of workers to teams that perform a variety of tasks
🗑
|
||||
| right-to-work state | a U.S. state that has passed a law preventing a union and company from negotiating a contract that requires workers to join a union as a condition of employment
🗑
|
||||
| site factors | location factors related to the costs of factors of production inside the plant, such as land, labor, and capital
🗑
|
||||
| situation factors | location factors related to the transportation of materials into and from a factory
🗑
|
||||
| textile | fabric made by weaving, used in making clothing
🗑
|
||||
| trading bloc | group of neighboring countries that promote trade with each other and erect barriers to limit trade with other blocs
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
SophomoreStud08
Popular AP Human Geography sets