connective tissues
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| mesenchyme | embryonic tissue that is the ancestor of all connective tissue
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| two major elements of extracellular matrix | ground substances and fibers
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| three major types of ground substance | proteoglycens, cell adhesion molecules, interstitial fluid
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| three major types of fiber | collagen, elastic fibers, reticular fibers
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| fibroblasts | CT cells that produce matrix material
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| macrophages | a type of phagocyte; engulf + devour foreign bodies
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| plasma cells | F/produce antibodies
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| mast cells | F/produce heparin (an anticoagulant) and histamine (a secretion that makes capillaries leaky, aiding in inflammation)
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| collagen fibers | A/often appear pink on slides || L/heavy presence in tendons and ligaments || F/flexibility and strength
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| tendons | LF/connect muscle and bone
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| ligaments | LF/connect bones
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| reticular fibers | A/form branching networks || LF/support organs || L/blood vessels, areolar CT, adipose CT, smooth MT
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| elastic fibers | A/smaller and thinner than collagen fibers || F/easily return to original strength after stretchingL/blood vessels, skin, lung tissue
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| -blast | refers to an immature cell that can still undergo cell division
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| -cyte | refers to a mature cell that no longer undergoes cell division; maintains matrix as it is
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| areolar CT | the "classic type" of CT; contains all 3 types of fiber || A/large mast cells embedded amid smaller fibroblasts || L/perimeter of organs || F/collagen fiber resists tensile force
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| adipose CT | A/much less extracellular matrix than most CT || A/nuclei are displaced to the edges of cells || L/surrounding heart, eyes || L/breasts, hips, abdomen, buttocks || F/energy reserve, insulation, padding/protection of organs
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| reticular CT | A/can be confused with elastic cartilage || A/dense networks of dark, branched, short reticular fibers || L/lymph nodes, bone marrow, thymus || F/netlike structures catch + filter material in lymph before it returns to the cardiovascular system
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| three major types of loose connective tissue | areolar CT, adipose CT, reticular CT
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| five types of connective tissue | loose CT, dense CT, cartilage, osseous tissue (bone), liquid CT (blood and lymph)
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| three major types of dense connective tissue | dense regular CT, dense irregular CT, elastic CT
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