A&P Tes 1
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| Define Metabolism | All chemical reaction necessary to sustain life
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| Define Anabolism | build up absorb energy
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| Define Catabolism | break down, releasing energy
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| Define Responsiveness | ability to detect and respond to change internal/external environment
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| Define Differentiation | cells change from unspecialized to specialized
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| Define Homeostatsis | dynamic state of equilibrium
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| Two Types of Body Fluid | ECF, Extracellular and ICF, Intracellular fluid
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| ECF | Extracellular 33% of all fluids found in these two compartment contains Na, Cl
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| ICF | Intracelluar fluid, 66% of all fluid within cell K, PO4
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| Regulation | is the control for Homeostasis consist of Nervous and Endocrine systems
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| Hand is on the Burning Stove | Sensory Receptor in Nervous System--- INformation to Central Nervous System---Integration Central Nervous System to make the decision--- motor effector in Nerves to move hand
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| Transverse Cut | cuts the body into superior/inferior
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| Frontal Cut | cuts body into anterior/posterior
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| Sagital Cut | cuts body into medial/laterial
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| Name 2 Body Cavities | Anterior/Posterior
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| 2 parts of Posterior Body Cavities | Cranial and Vertebral
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| 2 Body Cavities in Anterior Body Cavity | Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavity
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| What is the building blocks of matter? | Elements
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| What are the most common elements in the body | C, H, O, N (which makes up Carbs, lipids, protein)
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| 3 Subatmoic particles | Proton, Electron, Neutron
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| What are Ions | postive or negative charge b/c ofunequal number of protons and electron
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| 4 Types of Chemical Bonds | Ionic, Covalent, Hydrogen and Peptide Bonds
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| What is Ionic Bond | dissolves in water, 2 types of charged particles
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| What is Covalent Bond | Should not dissolve in water, is a sharing of electrons. Carbons are always Covalently Bonded.
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| What is Hydrogen Bond | gives stability to large Compounds such as DNA/RNA proteins
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| Difference Between Potential NRG and Kinetic NRG | Potential nrg is stored or inactive nrg, Kinetic energy is NRG of motion
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| Difference between Electrical and Chemical Energy | Chem NRG is is released when bonds are broken and absorbed, electrical results from flow of charged particles
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| What is a catalyst? | drives chemical reaction but they do not change themselves
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| what is CH4 | Methane Gas
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| What is Organic Compound | Contain Carbon, always covalently bonded, Glucose, AA, FA
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| What is Inorganic Compound | All other compound, ionic bonding, H20, Salts, NaCl
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| Property of Water | Solvent dissolves solute
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| What is Suspension | it is when two substances do not mix together
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| Anabolism | dehydration synthesis, takewater to open spot for bond
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| Catablolism | hydrolysis put water back into to break bond
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| Define Acid | H+ Anions
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| Define Base | OH- Cation
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| Define Salts | nether positively/neg charged
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| pH scale | 0-14
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| Carbohydrate | Sugar, startches, glycogen and cellulose
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| 3 types of Simple Sugars | Glucose, Galactose, Fructose
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| Types of Disaccharides | sucrose, maltose, lactose
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| Polysaccarides | starch glycogen
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| Nucleic Acids | DNA/RNA
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| 3 sub of Lipids | Triglycerides, Phospholipids, Steroids
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| Triglycerides are made of | 3FA and Glycerol
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| Bonding of Triglycerides | Saturated, Mono, poly
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| Phospholipids are | make up plasma membrane, polar heads, tail.
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| Steriods | are all cholesterol based
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| What defines proteins | Shape determines function
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| Amino Acid | Have Peptide bonds COOH
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| What is tRNA | Transfer RNA, translates the message AA
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| What ismRNA | Reads DNA Message
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| rRNA | finds a place for protein
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| Parts of Cell | Plasma Membrane and Cytoplasm
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| What is in Cytoplasm | Cytosol and Organelles
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| Phospholipid Bilayer | 50%Lipid 50% Protein
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| Integral Arrangment of Membrane Protein | extends into or across bilayer clothespin
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| Peripherial Arrangment of protein | loosely attached to inner and outer surface
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| What is Tonicity | measure of solutions ability to change the volume of cells by altering there H20
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| what is isotonic | normal shape
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| what is hypertonic | there is more concentration inside than outside
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| what is hypotonic | when concentration is higher outside than inside
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| Simple Diffusion | is when the FA is passed through polar head and tail no NRG is expended
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| Facilitated Diffusion | Glucose passes through pores, pores change shape to accept no NRG is expended
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| Active Transport | NaK pump, NRG is used to move 3Na out 2 K
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| What is endocytosis | bringing substance into cell
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| 2 types of endocytosis | Phagosytosis and Pinosytocsis
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| Centriole | development / growth of mitotic spindle
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| Ribosomes | location protein synthesis
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| Er | Movement of molecules to Golgi Body
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| Golgi Body | Packs proteins for movement
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| Cell Junction | occur in Epithelial Cells and some muscles
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| Types of Cell Junctions | Tight Junction, Desmosomes, Gap Junction
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| What is Gap Junction | open channels for communication pruposes
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| What is Desmosomes | fibers interlock between cells to allow contract
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| Avascular | has no blood supply
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| where do you find Simple | lung kidneys
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| Connective tissue | most abundant and widely distributed tissue in the body
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| What does "blast" mean | to make
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| what is fibroblast | CT Proper
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| Chondroblast | cartiliage
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| osteoblast | bone
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| hemocytoblast | blood cells
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| macrophages | WBC that do Phagocytosis
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| Mast Cells | secrete histamine which enhance inflammation
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| Collagen | needed to make Connective tissue and also the most abundant proein in the body
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| Areolar CT | located hypodermis
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| adipose | hypodermis used to store Triglcerides
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| dense irregular | found in dermis and pericardium
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| Cartilage, bone and blood are | Connective Tissue
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| Epidermis is... | outer thinner layer
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| dermis | below epidermis made up of Dense irregular Connective Tissue
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| Keratincytes | produce keratin which waterproof
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| melanocytes | produce melanin or pigment
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| Dermal papillae | meisnsner corp which is touch causes figerprints
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| What is arrector pilli | Goosebumps
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| Hypodermis | has areolar and adipose CT and contain Pacinian which pressure
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| Thermoregulation | regulate body temp for homeostasis
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| Function of Skin | Thermoregulation, Protection
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