History, World Civics and Economics
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| Capitalism | Economics where private ownership of resources and people are largely free to make their own economic decisions
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| Free Enterprise System | Competition means competing for customers/markets; businesses try to produce what they think customers will buy at highest prices possible
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| Entrepreneurs | Creat new goods/services; use capital made in one area to another (growth); employ people; indentify needs and fill them
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| Peasants during Feudalism | Comprised largest social group; gave produce and services to the lord of manor
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| Gross Domestic Product (GND) | value of all goods and services produced within a country in one year
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| Apartheid | racist policies enforced by white dominated regime in South Africa
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| Neolithic Age | Domesticated plants and animals which initiated the rise of agriculture
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| Qin Dynasty | construction of Great Wall
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| Han Dynasty | Silk Road
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| Lenin | 1st ever Soviet project for national economic recovery and development; New Economic Policy; leader of communist revolt; arrested and exiled; pulled out of WWI; closed gap between rural and urban communities; wanted electricity for all
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| What is the impact of imports on domestic prices? | Increases consumer satisfaction; causes leakage from domestic economy; reduces multiplier effect
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| Feudalism | Medieval Europe political system composed of a set of reciprocal legal and military obligations among the warrior nobility, revolving around the three key concepts of lords, vassals and fiefs. Granted land in exchange for service
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| Imperialism | Extending a nations power by some form of power over a foreign nation
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| Mao Tse Tung | Launched cultural revolution; Great Leap Forward (alternate model for economic growth)
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| Great Leap Forward | many peasants ordered to work on infrastructure projects and production of iron and steel; private food production was banned; livestock and farm implements were brought under collective ownership
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| Start of WWI | Assanation of Archduke Fernando; Austria declared war on Serbia; Russia disagreed with war; Germans and Hungarians needed support from Berlin to attack Serbia; Germany sinks US ships
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| End of WWI | Great Depression; agriculture problems; Germans to pay reparations for all damages to allies
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| Socialism | State owns resources and makes all decisions regarding dispersement
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| Requerimeinto | A document read to natives declaring that Jesus was Christ and that the Pope had power to rule over all of the earth
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| What were the reasons American Colonies Declared Independence? | Conflicts between colonies and England; Violated compact between colonies and Britain; wanted separate from England; Right to liberty and the pursuit of happiness
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| Which cabinet has equal representation from each state? | Senate
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| Federalist Position of Electoral College | wanted direct elections for President and Vice President. One Person=One Vote; Majority= Winner
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| Antifederalist position of electoral college | opposed direct elections
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| What events fueled the pre-civil war conflict on slavery? | Territorial expansion (compromise 1850); fugitive slave act; Kansas Nebraska act
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| What is the benefit of an American 2 party system? | Allows for greater representation of the people
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| Which president initiated a diplomatic opening to China? | Richard Nixon
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| Korematsu v. United States | During WWI, American citizens of Japanese descent were relocated to confinement centers in California desert. Government argued that this action was reasonable because it prevented Japanese espionage
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| What is a Federalist? | Supportors of the constitution who advocated ratification
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| Craig v. Boren | A case involving a challenge to an Oklahoma statute allowing the sale of 3.2% beer to males over 21, but females over 18
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| Barron v. Mayor and city council of Baltimore | (1833) Supreme court ruled that Bill of Rights applied only to the Federal Government
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| WWII | Germany invaded Poland (1939); it ended with the surrender of Germany and Japan
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| What is a Muckraker? | One who speads real or alleged scandal about another (usually for political advantage)
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| Which religion was the Maryland colony? | Catholic
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| What are Antifederalists? | Critics of the constitution who expressed concern that it seemed to possess no specific provision for the protection of natural and civil rights
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| 14th amendment | Ratified in 1868, this amendment provided citizenship to the ex slaves after the civil war and constitutionally protected equal rights under the law for all citizens
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| 15th amendment | 1870, this amendment prohibited the denial or abridgement of the right to vote by the federal government on the basis of race, color or prior condition as a slave
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| 13th amendment | Ratified in 1865, this amendment prohibited slavery and involuntary servitude
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| Which president initiated the construction of the Panama Canal (1903)? | Theodore Roosevelt
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| Which president allowed a black student to go to an all white university with the protection of the National Guard? | Kennedy
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