Chapters
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| The sternal region is anterior to the scapular region, true or false? | True
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| The gluteal region is proximal to the popliteal region, true or false? | False it's superior to the popliteal region (The butt is higher than the back of the knee.
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| The knee is ___ to the ankle | Proximal
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| The gallbladder is located in what region of the body? | Right hypochondriac
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| The heart is located in the abdominopelvic cavity, true or false? | True
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| The skeletal system produces blood, true or false? | True
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| List the characteristics of anatomical position: | Head facing forward, body standing erect, arms to the side of the body with palms facing out.
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| How many abdominal regions are there? | Nine
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| What chemical reaction requires energy | Synthesis Reaction
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| Weak acid dissociates almost completely in solution, true or false? | False a weak acid dissociates very little in solution.
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| If an atom's outermost shell has 8 electrons, it can be described as | not chemically reactive.
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| Acids, bases, and salts belong to what compound group | Electrolytes
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| Sodium is a neutral atom, if it loses an electron it will become | a positive ion
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| When electrons are shared, what chemical bond is formed? | Covalent Bond
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| Carbon is the most abundant compound, true of false? | False, carbon is an element
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| The more hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution, the more ____ and the ___rises. | the solution becomes more basic, pH rises.
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| The more hydrogen ions, the more acidic the solution becomes and the pH level goes down. True or false? | True
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| Bases accept: | Hydrogen ions
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| What reaction occurs when you digest food? | Decomposition
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| How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does a magnesium atom have? If the atomic number is 12, the atomic mass is 25, and contains +2 charges? | 12 protons, 13 neutrons, and 10 electrons.
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| How are ionic bonds formed? | When one atom gives away one of its electrons to another atom. Making the first atom a positively charged and the second becomes negatively charged.
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| Why do women have less body water weight than men? | Women have more internal tissue than men
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| What rule refers to an atom that contains eight electrons on the outermost ring, and is considered to be in its most stable state. | The Octet Rule
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| Protons and electrons determine what atomic: | Atomic mass
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| Carbon has an atomic number of 6. How many unpaired electrons are on the outermost ring? | Based on the Bohr model, electrons occupy the energy rings of the atom's nucleus. Each energy ring can hold only a certain number of electrons. The first ring can have a max of 2 electrons and the outermost ring can hold a max of 8 electrons
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| Water is the most abundant and most important compound in the body, true or false? Why? | True. Water is consider "cradle of life" or "water is life" and is a compound matter that can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen. Which are two abundant elements in the body.
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| According to the pH scale, gastric fluid is | Acidic with a pH of 2
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| What element contains different numbers of neutrons from other atoms of the same element? | Isotope
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| Microtubules are ________ and are the largest in diameter. | cytoskeleton element
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| Transport proteins | are proteins that transport substances across a membrane. There are two types; carrier protein and channel protein.
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| Peroxisome are organelle numerous in | the liver and kidney cells
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| Controlling what enters and leaves the cell is the major function of | cell membrane
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| Function of the integral proteins | "integral membrane protein" are permanently embedded within the plasma membrane. Channeling or transporting molecules across the membrane
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| Nuclear envelope | rough endoplasmic reticulum
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| Phospholipids of the plasma membrane | form a bilayer with their hydrophobic tails sandwiched between the hydrophilic heads
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| Functions of the integral membrane protein | Acts as receptors. signal transduction, and identification of "self"
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| Primary cilium is a cell extension that lacks a central pair of ____. | Microvilli
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| Chromatin are | granules or threads within the nucleus
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| What substance helps the cell membrane from breaking too easily? | Cholesterol
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| The tip of the nose and the external ear are examples of | elastic cartilage
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| Cerumen | Brown waxy substance secreted by sebaceous and ceruminous glands
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| Epithelial is the most abundant and widespread tissue | Connective
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| What mnemonic is Sea Salt Candy | Sweat Sebaceous Ceruminous
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| ECM surround the cells in a tissue, what does ECM stand for? | Extracellular Matrix
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| Example of facial bone is | Zygomatic bone
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| Pubic symphysis | Joint between the pubic portions of each coxal bone
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| Cylinder-shaped structural units in the compact bone | Osteons
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| Four muscles that make the abdominal wall: | Rectus abdominis, External oblique, Internal oblique and Transverse abdominis
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| Name the point of attachments | Origin and insertion
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| The muscles that help move the forearm | Brachioradialis, Pronator teres, and Biceps brachii
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| Bipennate is a muscle with fascicles that insert from both sides of the tendon, true or false? | True
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| Agonist (prime mover) | A muscle that directly performs a specific movement
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| Where is the sternocleidomastoid? | The neck
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| Extrinsic or intrinsic muscles can move | the wrist, hand and fingers
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| ____ is a continuous low level of sustained contraction maintained by all skeletal muscles is | Muscle Tone
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| Serratus anterior is useful in pushing or punching movements helps hold | scapula against the thorax
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| The body can be subdivided into two major portions | Axial and appendicular
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| The skeletal muscle is covered by a delicate connective tissue | endomysium
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| Six muscle shapes | Parallel Muscles, Convergent Muscles, Pennate Muscles, Fusiform Muscle, Spiral Muscles, and Circular Muscles
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| How are muscles named | Location, Function, Shape, Direction of fibers, Number of heads or division, Points of attachment, size of muscle
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| Longissimus means | very long
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| Mastication is responsible for | Chewing movements
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