Words from learning objective 2.10-2.12
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| Migration |
Form of relocation diffusion involving permanent move to a new location.
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| Push Factors | Incentives for potential migrants to leave a place, such as a harsh climate, economic recession, or political turmoil.
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| pull factors | Positive conditions and perceptions that effectively attract people to new locales from other areas
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| intervening opportunities | The presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminishes the attractiveness of sites farther away.
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| intervening obstacles | An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration.
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| forced migration | Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate.
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| voluntary migration | Permanent movement undertaken by choice.
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| refugees | People who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion.
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| internally displaced person | People who have been displaced within their own countries and do not cross international borders as they flee.
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| asylum seeker | Someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee
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| transnational migration | regular movement of a person between two or more countries resulting in a new cultural identity
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| internal migration |
Permanent movement within a particular country.
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| chain migration | migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there
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| circular migration | The temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek employment.
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| migration transition | Migration trends follow demographic transition stages. People become increasingly mobile as industrialization develops. More international migration is seen in stage 2 as migrants search for more space and opportunities in countries in stages 3 and 4. Stage-4 countries show less emigration and more intraregional migration
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| net migration | The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration.
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| step migration | Migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, for example, from farm to nearby village and later to a town and city
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| guest worker | a foreign laborer living and working temporarily in another country
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| intraregional migration | Permanent movement within one region of a country.
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| interregional migration | movement from one region of a country to another
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| international migration | Permanent movement from one country to another.
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| emigration | movement of individuals out of an area
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| environmental degradation | damage to or destruction of the natural environment
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| brain drain | the loss of highly educated and skilled workers to other countries
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| remittances | Money migrants send back to family and friends in their home countries, often in cash, forming an important part of the economy in many poorer countries
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