Chapter 1 Micro
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| Alga | a photosynthetic eukaryote, may be unicellular, filamentous, or multicellular but lack the tissues found in plants.
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| Antibiotic | an antimicrobial agent, usually produced naturally by a bacterium or fungus
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| Archaea | prokaryotic cells lacking peptidoglycan, one of the three domains
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| Aseptic technique | Laboratory techniques used to minimize contamination
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| Bacteria | kingdom of prokaryotic organisms, characterized by peptidoglycan cell walls, bacterium when referring to singular organism
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| Bacteriology | The scientific study of prokaryotes, including bacteria and Archaea
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| Biogenesis | The theory that living cells arise only from preexisting cells.
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| Bioremediation | the use of microbes to remove an environmental pollutant.
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| Biotechnology | the industrial application of microbes, cells, or cell components to make a useful product
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| Cell Theory | all living organisms are composed of cells and arise from preexisting cells,
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| Chemotherapy | treatment with chemical substances
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| Ecology | the study of the interrelationship between organism and with their environment
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| Eukaryote | a cell having DNA inside a distinct membrane enclosed nucleus
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| Fermentation | the enzymatic degradation of carbohydrates in which the final electron acceptor is an organic molecule, ATP is synthesized by substrate level phosphorylation, and oxygen is not required
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| Fungus | an organism that belongs to the Kingdom Fungi, a eukaryotic absorptive chemoheterotroph
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| Gene therapy | treating a disease by replacing abnormal genes
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| Genetic engineering | manufacturing and manipulating genetic material in vitro, also called recombinant DNA technology
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| Genomics | the study of genes and their function
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| Genus | the first name of the scientific name (binomial), the taxon between family and species
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| Germ theory of disease | the principle that microbes cause disease
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| Helminth | a parasitic roundworm or flatworm
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| Immunity | the body’s defenses against particular pathogenic microbes, also called specific resistance
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| Immunology | the study of a host’s specific defenses to a pathogen
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| Infectious diseases | a disease in which pathogens invade a susceptible host and carry out at least part of their life cycle
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| Koch’s postulates | criteria used to determine the causative agent of infectious diseases
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| Microorganism | a living organism too small to be seen with the naked eye, includes bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and microscopic algae, also includes viruses
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| Molecular biology | the science dealing with DNA and protein synthesis of living organisms
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| Mycology | the scientific study of fungi
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| Normal microbiota | the microbes that colonize a host without causing disease also called normal flora
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| Parasitology | the scientific study of parasites (protozoa and parasitic worms)
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| Pasteurization | the process of mild heating to kill particular spoilage microbes or pathogens
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| Pathogen | a disease causing organism
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| Prokaryote | a cell whose genetic material is not enclosed in a nuclear membrane
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| Protozoan | unicellular eukaryotic organisms, usually chemoheterotroph
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| Recombinant DNA | a DNA molecule produced by recombination
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| Species | the most specific level in the taxonomic hierarchy
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| Species epithet | the second or species name in a scientific binomial
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| Spontaneous generation | the idea that life could arise spontaneously from nonliving matter
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| Synthetic drugs | a chemotherapeutic agent that is prepared from chemicals in a laboratory
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| Virology | the scientific study of viruses
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| Virus | a submicroscopic, parasitic, filterable agent consisting of a nucleic acid surrounding by a protein coat.
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