SOL CE6 Judicial Branch
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| The Virginian legislative branch is the | General Assembly
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| The General Assembly structure is | bicameral
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| The House of Delegates and the Virginia Senate | make state laws (2 parts)
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| The Virginian executive is | the governor
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| The governor appoints members of the | Virginian cabinet, who oversee specific functions
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| The second executive of Virginia is the | lieutenant governor
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| The Virginian judicial power comes from the | Virginian Constitution
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| Virginian Supreme Court | Highest court in Virginia
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| Virginian Court of appeals | Gets appeals from Circuit Court
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| Virginian Circuit courts | Hears state felony cases and high dollar civil cases
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| Virginian General District courts | Hears misdemeanors and low dollar civil cases
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| Juvenile and Domestic Relations courts | Hears child custody and divorce issues
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| New Jersey v. T.L.O. | School officials are allowed to search students’ purses, to look for illegal substances.
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| Tinker v. Des Moines | Students are allowed to wear black armbands to protest the Vietnam War
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| Brown v. Board of Education | Integrated schools so that all races attend school based on where they live, not their race.
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| Korematsu v. USA | Japanese are allowed to be sent to internment camps, as a result of suspicion of spying and attacks during WWII.
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| Gideon v. Wainwright | Everybody is entitled to a lawyer, regardless if they can afford it or not.
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| Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier | School officials are allowed to edit what is in the student newspaper, limiting students’ first amendment rights.
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| Marbary v. Madison | Established Judicial Review, so the Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional.
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| Plessy v. Ferguson | Blacks are given separate facilities, to make sure they had the same quality of life as whites.
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| Miranda v. Arizona | Confessions are not allowed to be used, until suspects have been read their rights.
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| US District Court | All federal crimes and lawsuits are heard in this court.
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| US Court of Appeals | This US Court hears appeals from US District Court.
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| US Supreme Court | This court is the nation’s highest court.
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| Article III | Constitutional article that gives the judicial branch its power.
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| US Constitution | Supreme law of the land.
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| Judicial Review | The right to declare laws “Unconstitutional”.
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| Unconstitutional | Means “illegal”.
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| Justice | A judge on the Supreme Court
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| Magistrate | a lesser judge who can do some judge duties.
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| Prosecutor | The lawyer who tries to prove the accused is guilty.
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| Arraignment | A meeting to review evidence and enter a plea.
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| Indictment | A formal charge.
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| Jury’s Role | To determine if a fellow citizen is guilty or innocent.
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| Judge’s Role | To determine the punishment for a guilty person.
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| Civil Case | A case about money gained from an accident or a case about rights.
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| Criminal Case | A case about a wrongful act that is committed on purpose.
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| Judicial Branch's Role | To interpret the law.
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| 5th Amendment | Offers protection against the national government.
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| 14th Amendment | Offers protection against the state government.
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