Mrs. Hall SJMS - History Semester Test
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| Place where many Asian immigrants were processed into the U.S. | Angel Island
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| Place where many European immigrants were processed into the U.S. | Ellis Island
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| The process by which people from other cultures who live in the U.S. gradually adopt American ways. | Assimilation
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| Leader of Tammany Hall, well-known example of political machine. | William Marcy "Boss" Tweed
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| Model of settlement houses, founded by Jane Addams | Hull House
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| An organization that held control by finding food, jobs, and other favors in exchange for votes. | Political machine
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| The growth of cities as a result of industrialization | Urbanization
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| Political machine led by "Boss" Tweed in New York City. | Tammany Hall
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| One of the reasons why industries were drawn to cities, the other reason was availibility of workers. | Transportation
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| Founded Hull House in Chicago. | Jane Addams
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| Led by ministers in the late 1800’s, dedicated to improving the lives of the urban poor. | Social Gospel Movement
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| Allowed people to live further away from their jobs and allowed suburbs to develop. | Streetcars and trolleys
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| Came from Eastern and Southern Europe | New Immigrants
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| Came from Western and Northern Europe | Old Immigrants
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| Immigrants settled in areas where they could finds jobs and people with similiar ethnic backgrounds. | Immigrant Neighborhoods
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| Thousands of miners ignored Sioux rights and rushed onto Sioux land when this was discovered in the Black Hills. | Gold
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| This group of people were attracted to the Great Plains because they wanted to escape discrimination in the South and have the chance to own land. | Former Slaves
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| The government gave this to the railroad which they advertised in Europe and sold to settlers. | Free land
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| Battle where General Custer and his men were outnumbered and killed by the Sioux | Little Bighorn
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| Government gifts given to the railroad companies to help the development of the transcontinental railroad. | Money and Land
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| Adventure, new beginning for freed slaves, cheap land, opportunity for wealth from silver and gold. | Reasons for Westward Expansion
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| Low wages, long hours and poor working conditions | Negative effects of industrialization
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| Captain of Industry who made his fortune in the oil refining business | J. D. Rockefeller
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| Inventor of the telephone | Alexander G. Bell
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| Railroads moved these from the west to the east. | Natural Resources
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| Eastern Factories | Railroads moved natural resources to these
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| Railroads brought goods to these | National Markets
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| New kind of stores in the 1880’s that sold many different kind of products | Department stores
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| Ragtime | New type of music created in the early 1900’s that was a mixture of African-American songs and European music.
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| Vaudeville | Popular live entertainment that mixed song, dance and comedy.
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| Free time | Leisure
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| Two major newspaper publishers who competed for readers in NYC. | Hearst and Pulitizer
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| Mail order catalogs | Booklets including pictures and descriptions of merchandise that were sent to customers so they could order by mail.
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| Composer of Ragtime and "Maple Leaf Rag" | Scott Joplin
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| 1st two mail order catalog companies | Montgomery Ward and Sears Roebuck
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| Group of laws enforced segregation of white and black people in public places | Jim Crow laws
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| African-American who helped found the NAACP, believed in full political, civil and societal rights for African-Americans. | WEB DuBois
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| US Supreme Court case the ruled "separate but equal" was allowed. | "Plessy v. Ferguson"
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| Rule in the South that allowed poor whites to vote, but kept African-Americans from voting. You could not vote if your grandfather could not vote. | Grandfather Clause
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| Used after Civil War and 15th Amendment to keep African-Americans from voting in the South. | Poll Tax, Literacy Test and Grandfather Clause
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| 1st city with electric streetcar system. | Richmond, Virginia
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| New technologies that helped cities grow in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s. | Skyscraper and elevator
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| African-American journalist who led a fight against lynching. | Ida B. Wells
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| A group that used violence to keep blacks from challenging segregation, it was formed during Reconstruction. | Ku Klu Klan
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| African-American leader that helped found Tuskegee Institute and believed equality could be achieved through vocational education. He did not openly challenge racial segregation. | Booker T. Washington
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| "Speak softly but carry a big stick" was the motto of? | Theodore Roosevelt
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| Muckrackers | Progressive journalists
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| What did Muckrackers do? | Expose corruption in American society to lead to reform.
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| What was the impact of corporations on the consumers? | Kept prices high and wages low
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| What was the fastest growing city in the US in 1900? | New York
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| Composed of groups opposed to the making and consuming of alcohol. | Temperance Movement
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| Prohibited the manufacture, sale and transport of alcoholic beverages. | 18th Amendment
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| Suffrage | The right to vote
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| Upton Sinclair | Wrote the novel "The Jungle" which was set in the meat-packing yards of Chicago.
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| Who was President during the Spanish-American War? | William McKinley
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| What is racial separation called? | Segregation.
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| Who became President after McKinley? | Theodore Roosevelt
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| Who did Theodore Roosevelt choose as his successor? | Taft
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| Theodore Roosevelt ran for President with this party in 1911. | Bull Moose Party
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| Amendment granting women the right to vote? | 19th Amendment
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| Susan B. Anthony | Famous worker for women’s voting rights. Once fined $100 for voting for Grant.
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| World War I | What marked the end of the Progressive Era?
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| Name 3 Progressive Movement reforms. | Improved safety conditions for workers, reduced work hours, child labor laws passed.
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| Boomtowns | Towns that sprang up quickly-often around mines
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| Homesteads | Land to settle and farm on.
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| Reservations | A place where Native Americans were forces to live
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| Great Plains | The area between the Missouri River and the Rocky Mountains
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| Sod Houses | The first homes many settlers had on the Great Plains
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| Vigilante | A person willing to take the law into his or her hands
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| Vaquero | A cowhand that came from Mexico with the Spaniards in the 1500's.
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| Buffalo Bill Cody | A showman who brought the West to the rest of the world through his Wild West Show.
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| Helen Hunt Jackson | Wrote "A Century of Dishonor" in which the federals government's failures toward the Indians are listed.
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| Buffalo soldiers | African-Americans who served in the U.S. army in the West.
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| Corporation | Type of business in which investors own part of the company by purchasing shares of stock
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| Gilded Age | Name given to a period of time of fabulous wealth during the late 1800'.
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| Robber baron | Name used for a person who has become wealthy through dishonest means, such as bribery and cheating.
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| Trust | A legal body that is created to hold stock in many companies, often in the same industry.
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| Business cycle | The pattern of good and bad times in the economy.
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| Agriculture | The main economic activity of the South during the late 1800's/
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| Pittsburg | City known for its steel mills
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| Bessemer Steel process | Increased the output of steel while reducing the cost.
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| Samuel Gompers | Helped form the American Federation of Labor and served as its president for 37 years.
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| Thomas Edison | Person who came up with practical electric lighting
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| Philanthropist | Person who gives large sums of money to charities
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| Generator | A machine that produces electric current
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| Patent | A government document giving an inventor the exclusive right to make and sell his or her invention for a specific number of years.
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| Monopoly | A company that wipes out its competitors and controls an industry.
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| Henry Ford | The "Captain of Industry" for the automobile industry.
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| Andrew Carnegie | Person who made his fortune in the steel industry
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| Granville T. Woods | Person who improved telephone and telegraph devices.
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| Edwin Drake | Person who developed a workable oil well.
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| Howell and Singer | Two people associated with the sewing machine.
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| Partnership, sole proprietor, corporation | Three ways that a person can be an owner/part owner in a business.
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| Chief Joseph | The leader of the Nez Perce Indians who asked for equality for his people
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| Geronimo and Chief Joseph | Two Indian leaders who fled rather than move to reservations.
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| Frontier | Unsettled areas where mainly Native Americans lived.
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| Barbed wire | Used for fencing out West because there was little wood.
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| Long drives | Taking cattle by foot to the railroads.
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| Chaps | Seatless leather pants worn over trousers to protect legs from scrub, cactus and snakes.
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| Vast treeless wasteland | Before new technologies this is how people thought of the Great Plains.
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| Wheat | The most common crop on the Great Plains in the late 1800's.
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| Spanish | Responsible for bringing the first horses to the Great Plains.
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| Dry Farming techniques | Turning the soil after rain, leaving part of the field unplanted each year and planting seeds further apart in deep furrows.
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| Windmills | Brought water up from the deep wells on the Great Plains.
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| Who was the first African-American to play in the previously all-white National Baseball League? | Jackie Robinson
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| What is the main focus of the NAACP? | To end the discrimination against African-Americans.
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| What law ended Chinese immigration for a number of years? | Chinese Exclusion Act
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| Where did advertisements begin to appear? | In newspapers.
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