Chapter 2: European Exploration and Settlement
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Marco Polo | Italian explorer who traveled throughout Asia with his father
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| Christopher Columbus | Italian explorer who was convinced the shortest route to the Indies lay west across the Atlantic Ocean
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| King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella | paid for Columbus' voyage
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| 1492 | year that Columbus set sail
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| Columbian Exchange | exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and people across the Atlantic Ocean between Europe and the Americas
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| negative impact of the Columbian Exchange | diseases
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| positive impact of the Columbian Exchange | new crops and domesticated animals
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| Africans and Natives | people who the Spanish settlers enslaved
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| conquistador | Spanish explorer and soldier
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| Hernan Cortes | conquistador who conquered the Aztec people in Mexico
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| Tenochtitlan | capital city of the Aztec empire
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| Mexico City | what the Spanish renamed Tenochtitlan after they captured it
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| New Spain | name of the Spanish empire in the New World
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| Francisco Pizarro | conquistador who conquered the Inca people in Peru
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| Juan Ponce de Leon | conquistador who wanted to find the fountain of youth
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| colony | new settlement established by another country in another land
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| Seven Cities of Cibola | legend of seven cities made of gold
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| Francisco Coronado | conquistador who set out from Mexico City to find the cities of gold
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| pueblos | village of apartment like buildings made of stone and adobe
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| St. Augustine | oldest permanent European settlement in the United States
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| Catholic missionaries | accompanied conquistadores to the Spanish borderlands in hopes of converting the Native Americans
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| Jacques Cartier | French explorer who was set to explore the Atlantic coastline of America and hoped to find a Northwest Passage
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| Northwest Passage | a passage that was thought to connect the east and west coasts of the continent of North America that does not exisit
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| Samuel de Champlain | sailed up the St. Lawrence River and built a trading post named Quebec
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| Quebec | French trading post
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| Coureurs de bois | French fur trappers
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| Huron | Native American allies of the French
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| Iroquois | Native American allies of the Dutch
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| Fr. Marquette and Louis Joliet | discovered the Mississippi River
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| Robert de La Salle | explored the entire length of the Mississippi River and claimed it all west of it for France, calling it Louisiana
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| John Cabot | hoping to find a route to Asia, landed in Newfoundland and claimed the land for England
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| Sir Walter Raleigh | tried to start two colonies in Roanoke that both failed
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| CROATON | mysterious word left by the Roanoke colonists
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| Jamestown | English colony named after King James I
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| John Smith | took control of Jamestown and forced everyone to work before they ate
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| Pocahontas | Native American girl who helped save Jamestown from starvation
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| Starving Time | harsh winter where many Jamestown colonists starved because they did not have enough food
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| John Rolfe | married Pocahontas and discovered tobacco as a cash crop
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| Henry Hudson | sailor who explored the north Atlantic coastline for the Netherlands, hoping to find a Northwest Passage
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| Hudson River | named after Henry Hudson
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| Dutch | people from the Netherlands
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| Dutch West India Company | company started by Dutch merchants to start a colony in America
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| New Amsterdam | name of the Dutch colony
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| New York | name of the English colony that was taken over from the Dutch
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