ABSOLUTISM AND CONSTITUTIONALISM
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| Jacques Bossuet | 1.Govt is divinely sanctioned 2.Wrote Politics derived from the very word of holy scripture
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| Thomas Hobbes | 1.advocated absolutism on secular grounds 2. Invest sole power to the Leviathan
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| general characteristics of absolutist monarchies | 1.unlimited authority to rule 2. diving right 3.patronage/censorship
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| favorable balance of trade | exports>imports
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| zero-sum game | total volume on trade is unchangeable
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| overall goal of mercantilism | 1.self-sufficiancy
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| tariffs | tax on imports
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| methods of mercantilism | 1.monopolies 2.importing foreign artisans 3.quality control
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| Cardinal Richelieu | 1. chipped away at the rights of the Huguenots 2. created intendant system
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| intendant system | attempted to centralize royal authority in france
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| Cardinal Mazarin | 1.successor of Richilieu 2.fronde
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| fronde | 1.aboritve noble-led french rebellion 2.resented parlement of france
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| i am the state | L'etat c'est moi
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| One King, one law, one faith | un roi, une loi, une foi
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| Royal Council | King Louis 14 cut out nobles and put in the bourgeoisie, new aristocrats
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| bourgeosie | new aristocrats
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| French Classicism | 1.values of the renaissance 2.Nicolas Poussin
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| Barouque | French style painting, architecture
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| levee | traditional rising of Louis 14
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| cochee | traditional sleep time ritual of Louis the 14
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| Estates general | 1. not called on by L14
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| Gallican Church | monarchial power is independent of the church and the RCC in each country is controlled by BOTH the monarch and pope
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| Jean-Baptiste Colbert | 1.mercantilism 2.merchant marine 2. decreased reliance on imports through tariffs
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| War of Spanish succession | 1. caused by french bourbon accession to the spanish throne 2. blocked by english,dutch etc 3. jeopardized the balance of power 4. ended by Treaty of Utrecht and Treaty of Rastatt
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| Treaty of Utrecht and Treaty of Rastatt | 1.ended war of spanish succession 2.england big winner (gibralter) 3. french lose dominance in europe 4. Kingdom of Prussia established
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| Edict of Fontainebleau | revoked edict of nantes
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| decline of spain | 1.inflation 2.weak middle class 3.debt
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| House of Hohenzollern | rulling family brandenburg-prussia
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| Frederick William | 1.Prussian army general 2. general war commissariat
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| general war commissariat | governed prussian state led by junkers
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| junkers | prussian nobles
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| treaty of karlowitz | 1.ended austo-ottoman war 2. austira gained hungary croatia etc 3. austria was not able to unify bc of multiculturalism
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| Ivan 4 | expanded russia eastward
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| boyars | russian nobles
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| romanov | russian ruling family
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| peter the greats goals | 1.make power of the tsar absolute 2.westernize 3.open window to the west
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| table of the ranks | peters meritocracy
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| kaftan | russian noble wear
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| charles 12 | swedish meteor
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| great northern war | 1.russia vs sweden 1. russia won, got window to the west in st petersburg
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| Russian history divided into.. | pre-petrine/post-petrine
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| Dutch republic | United provinces, netherlands
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| stadholder | led a Province in the dutch republic
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| fluyt | dutch merchant ship
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| dutch companies | exchange bank of amsterdam, dutch east/west india trading companies
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| genre scenes | 1.vermeer and Rembrandt 2. realistic portrayal of everyday scenes 3. called dutch realism
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| balenced polity | the cordial relationship between the tudors and parliment
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| James 1 | 1.son of mary queen of scots 2.
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| right to tax | power of the purse
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| puritans | english non-separatists calvinists
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| trew law | james 1, defended divine right
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| left for the new world | separtist calvanists
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| presbyterian church | bottom up, democratic
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| episcopalin | top down, monarchy
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| Charles 1 | abs monarch, disliked, executed
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| Petition of right | 1.parliment forced Charles 1 to sign 2.monarch could not collect taxes without monarchs consent 3. military law(martial law) could not be imposed 4
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| personal rule | 1.charles 1 did not call on parliment 2.
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| ship money | 1.illegal tax by charles 1 2.
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| William Laud | Archbishop suppressed puritans, led to the great migration of puritans
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| long parliment | met for 13 years,
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| triennial act | passed by long parliament 1. parliament could not be dissolved with out consent 2.abolished charles tax 3. executed william laud
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| John Pym | leader of long parliament that charles tried to arrest
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| cavaliers | royalist, supporters of charles I, member of the house of lords
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| roundheads, | supporters of parliament, middle class
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| central questions of the english civil war | 1. who rules? abs monarch or parliament 2. how is the church governed? presb. or episco.
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| Oliver cromwell | leader of new model army and independents
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| rump parliament | tried, convicted charles 1 of treason
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| prides pursion | exlusion of moderate members of parliament
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| interregnum | english period with out a monarch (1649-1660)
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| the commonweath | republic, house of lords/anglican church abolished
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| levellers | wanted religious toleration, free speech, voting rights
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| diggers | wanted communism
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| lord acton | power corrupts, abs power corrupts absolutly
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| Instrument of Govt | cromwell dissolved parliament after disputes over the newenglish constituion
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| lord protector | cromwell, military dictator
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| protectorate | military dictorship of england under cromwell, catholics not allowed but jews were
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| the restoration | invited charlesII the merry monarch returned from exile in france
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| test act | excluded catholics from govt positions
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| exclusion bill | excluded james II (charles II brother) from the english throne
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| whigs | liberals, supported exclusion bill
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| tories | conservatives, did not like exclusion bill bc it tampered with lawful succession
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| james II | open catholic
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| glorious revolution | parliament invited mary II and William III of orange to rule only if enlgand was a limited monarchy
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| Enlgish Bill of Rights | 1.Catholics barred from the throne 2.habeas corpus 3. religious toleration
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| jacobites | wanted james II catholic son on the throne
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| john locke | supports english revolution in two treasties of govt
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