Muslce
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| Contractility | the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force
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| Excitability | the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus
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| Extensibility | the ability to be stretched
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| Elasticity | ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched.
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| What are four major functional characteristics of skeletal muscle? | contractility, excitability, extensibility, and elasticity.
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| What do muscles help produce? | heat essential for maintenance of normal body temperature.
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| Each skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called? | epimysium
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| Is another connective tissue located outside the epimysium. | fascia
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| A muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles called fasciculi(fascicle), which are surrounded by loose connective tissue called? | perimysium
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| The fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells called? | fibers
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| Each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called the? | endomysium
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| The cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with? | myofibrils
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| What are myofibrils? | A threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other.
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| Myofibrils consists of what two major kinds of protein fibers? | Actin myofilaments and myosin myofilaments.
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| Actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units called? | sarcomeres.
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| What are actin myofilaments? | thin myofilaments. They resemble 2 minute strands of pearls twisted together.
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| What are myosin myofilaments? | thick myofilaments. They resemble bundles of minute golf clubs.
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| What is a sarcomere? | the basic structural and functional unity of the muscle.
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| Each sarcomere extends from what? | from one Z line to another Z line.
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| On each side of the Z line is a light area called what? | I band
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| What does the I band consist of? | actin
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| The A band extends what? | the length of the myosin.
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| What is the darker central region in each sarcomere? | the A band.
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| In the center of each sarcomere is another light area called what? | the H zone.
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| What does the H zone consists of? | It consists of only myosin
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| The myosin myofilaments are anchored in the center of the sarcomere at a dark staining band called the? | M line.
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| The charge difference across the membrane is called the? | resting membrane potential.
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| The brief reversal back of the charge is called? | action potential
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| What are motor neurons? | Are nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers.
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| What do axons enter? | the muscles and branch
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| Each branch that connects to the muscle forms a ? | neuromuscular junction or synapse
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| A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates are called a ? | motor unit
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| What is a neuromuscular junction formed by? | an enlarged nerve terminal resting in an indentation of the muscle cell membrane.
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| The enlarged nerve terminal is the? | presynaptic terminal
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| The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell is the? | synaptic cleft
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| Each presynaptic terminal contains what? | synaptic vesicles.
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| Synaptic vesicles secretes a neurotransmitter called what? | acetylcholine.
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| What diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to the postsynaptic terminal causing a change in the postsynaptic cell? | acetylcholine
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