ASVAB General Science Review
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| biology (bi/o + -logy) | the study of life
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| botany | the study of plants
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| zoology (zo/o + -logy) | the study of animals
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| geophysics, geology, geodesy, meteorology, planetary magnetism, oceanography | earth sciences
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| geodesy (ge/o + desy) | the study of the size of the earth
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| chemistry | the study of matter
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| the divisions of the sciences | life, earth, physical
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| physics | the study of the forces of matter and energy
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| scientific problem solving | the scientific method
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| the five (5) steps collectively known as the scientific method | observation, hypothesis, experiment, theory, law or principle
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| homeostasis | balanced internal environment
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| the unity principle | all living species share common characteristics
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| protoplasm | basic living substance
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| enzyme | speeds up chemical reactions
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| replicate | to make an exact copy
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| metabolism | biochemical activities
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| adaptation | survival trait
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| species | the basic unit of classification among living things; a group of similar organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring
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| life functions | the 8 activities necessary to sustain life
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| the eight (8) activities necessary for life | nutrition, circulation, respiration, excretion, synthesis, regulation, growth, reproduction
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| nutrition | ingestion, digestion, assimilation
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| nutrients (Nachooo :P) | food molecules or particles
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| ingestion | taking in food
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| digestion | changing nutrients into forms usable to a cell
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| assimilation | changing nutrients into protoplasm
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| circulation | movement of fluid within the body
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| respiration | breathing and cellular respiration
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| breathing | air moving into the lungs or water moving over the gills; O2 moves into the blood and CO2 moves out of the blood
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| cellular respiration | releasing energy from glucose (sugar)
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| excretion | removal of respiratory waste products; performed by lungs, skin, kidneys
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| synthesis | building small molecules into bigger ones
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| amino acids | protein building blocks
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| hormone | chemical messenger; produced by endocrine glands
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| regulation | control and coordination
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| body systems that coordinate | the nervous and endocrine systems
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| auxins | regulate plant growth and development
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| growth | increase in cell size and number
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| mitosis | type of cell division that produces offspring
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| reproduction | producing new life
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| the two (2) kinds of reproduction | asexual and sexual
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| asexual reproduction | offspring created with one parent
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| chromosome | small "body" in a nucleus made of genes
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| sexual reproduction | offspring created with two parents
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| gamete | sex cell
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| cell | basic unit of life
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| organelle | little organ within a cell
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| cell membrane | plasma membrane; holds the cell together and allows selective passage
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| selective passage | controlling what goes in and out of a cell
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| cytoplasm | cellular living substance
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| nucleus | control center organelle
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| endoplasmic reticulum | transportation organelle
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| ribosome | protein synthesis organelle
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| golgi body | golgi apparatus; storage organelle
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| mitochondrion | cellular respiration or powerhouse organelle
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| lysosome | enzyme releasing organelle
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| genes | genetic information responsible for hereditary traits passing from parent to offspring
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| cell wall | the outer part of the plant cell
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| cellulose | makes up the cell wall
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| chlorophyll | contain chloroplasts; participates in photosynthesis
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| photosynthesis | converts sun energy into nutrients
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| flagella or cilia | functions in movement
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| compound | made of two or more substances
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| inorganic | not made of C; water, mineral salts
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| organic | made of C; carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
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| carbohydrate | organic compound with a H:O = 2:1 which means it's an energy source
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| glucose | carbohydrate made of C6H12O6
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| lipid | fat; organic compound with a H:O > 2:1 which means it's > carbohydrate as an energy source
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| protein | organic compound made of C H O N
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| nucleic acid | organic compound made of C and H
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| deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | organic compound that makes up genes
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| catalyst | controls chemical reaction rates
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| meiosis | type of cell division that produces gametes
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| fertilzation | union of sperm and egg
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| artifical twinning | creating clones by splitting embryos
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| plant kingdom | includes all plant species
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| multicellular | many-celled
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| specilization | different cells perform different tasks
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| division of labor | groups of cells work together to perform a life function
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| algae | single-celled plant species that can live in fresh or salt water
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| terrestrial | land-dwelling
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| roots | anchor plants in the soil and absorb water and dissolved materials
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| the three (3) plant body parts | roots, stems, leaves
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
Ms.Quita
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