Reason for location / Significant times in site past / Ways site changed
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| Why London? | To show importance of his capital. To show off to as many people as possible. Next to coast so can control trade and can access Normandy.
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| Why there in London? | Next to the river to protect against invasion , to trade and it acted as a natural defence. Inside existing Roman walls. Marshland to east, natural defence again
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| When was the peak activity? | 1066-1097. Building of Tower, just after William's invasion. Started building in 1075-79, initially wooden defences. Gundulf put in charge
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| What was the biggest turning point? | The development of the defences in the castle.
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| What did Henry III do to develop the castle defences? | Defences improved in 1216-1272. Built inner curtain wall and 9 towers (e.g. Salt Tower, Wakefield Tower)
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| What did Edward I do to develop the castle defences? | 1272 - 1307. Built outer curtain wall and 4 towers (St Thomas' Tower, Middle Tower and Byword Tower (these two make up the main entrance))
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| What was the medieval palace? | St Thomas' Tower and Wakefield Tower. Include chapel and bed chamber. Has stained glass windows. Made for comfort in a castle
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| Why did these turning points happen? | Monarchy still insecure - need protection - threats from France + Scotland. Built to live in (medieval tower), need to live in safety, also to protect Royal Mint (1279)
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| Why else were these advancements made? | To show status, make it more impressive. Also to keep up with castle design - multiple curtains walls = concentric castle, most advanced castle
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| What is another turning point in case we need a back up? | Medievlisation. During Industrial period, rebuilt some castle in medieval style by Anthony Salvin (Gothic Revivalist) (e.g. Salt Tower, Lanthorn Tower). Rebuilt on 'idealised' version, but a guess of what it looked like
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| Why does this turning point happen? | To attract tourists. Tourism on the rise due to industrial revolution, change of use. Industrial revolution means transport and more time and money
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| Why else? | Want T of L to show off the glorious past of the British empire. Finally, new weapons make castles obsolete as a military fortress as you can just drop a bomb on it
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| Is there anything more to the backup turning point? | T of L becomes barracks, built by Duke of Wellington 1845 (Constable of Tower). Built in place of Grand Storehouse which burnt down
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| Why did Duke Wellington build this? | Need place to store the big army they are making due to the development of the empire
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| Has T of L changed very much over time? | Limited change given that it is 1000 years old. White tower most significant of these as it's basically unchanged. Also, early alterations (Henry III + Ed I) still exist
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| What changes were made during the Early Modern period? | Used as prison(Walter Raleigh)/execution place(Anne Boleyn). Royals no longer live there as safer times, lived in palaces instead (Hampton Court)
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| What changes were made during the Industrial period? | Medievalisation and Barracks (see G)
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