Insertions of Trunk Muscles
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external anal sphincter | attached anteriorly to central tendon, posteriorly to coccyx; loops around and attaches to anal canal
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external urethral sphincter | loops around urethra and vagina in female; loops around membranous urethra in male
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transverse perineus | central tendon, vagina, urethral sphincter
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diaphragm | central tendon
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levator ani | coccyx, levator ani of other side, and structures that penetrate it
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quadratus lumborum | transverse processes of lower lumbar vertebrae and rib 12
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transverse abdominis | linea alba via rectus sheath
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internal oblique | linea alba via rectus sheath, lower 3 ribs
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external oblique | linea alba via rectus sheath, iliac crest
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rectus abdominis | sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 5-7
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transversus thoracis | internal surface of costal cartilages of ribs 2-6
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internal intercostal muscles | 11 pairs of muscles filling the space between ribs, with fibers running in the same direction as the internal obliques
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external intercostal muscles | 11 pairs of muscles filling the space between ribs, with fibers running in the same direction as the external obliques
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multifidus | spinous processes of the vertebrae 2-3 segments superior to the orgin
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semispinalis | spinous processes of the vertebrae 6-7 segments superior to the orgin, and posterior skull, near midline
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spinalis | spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae
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longissimus | transverse processes of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, and the mastoid process of skull
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iliocostalis | transvere processes of C4-C6 and the angles of the ribs
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splenius | transverse process of C1-C4, mastoid process, and posterior skull
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